HUMAN DIABETES 263 



fies it, Schwarz and the writer 46 (as well as Leschke) can 

 scarcely fail to be justified in characterizing the efforts to 

 relieve human diabetes by intravenous injection of "pancre- 

 atic hormone " as physiologically incorrect and (in view of 

 the danger attending) entirely inadmissible. Nor can the 

 attempts of Vahlen, 47 who believes he has isolated a sub- 

 stance from the pancreas which, while not directly attacking 

 the sugar, accelerates alcoholic fermentation of the sugar, 

 and lowers the sugar excretion in phloridzin diabetes and 

 adrenin diabetes, make any difference in their conclusion. 

 The writer feels that it would be a good thing to consider 

 carefully the above stated experiences in connection with the 

 inhibition of glycosuria by administration of hydrazin, 48 

 opium, 49 atropine, 50 zyzigium jambolianum and other 

 drugs. 51 



HUMAN DIABETES 



Degeneration of the Pancreas in Human Diabetes. We 

 may now pass to the consideration of human diabetes. 



After the best informed experts in this affection, men 

 like Naunyn, Minkowski and v. Noorden, as well as nu- 

 merous pathological anatomists, had repeatedly pointed out 

 a relation between diabetes and some functional fault of 

 the pancreas, this in the author's opinion, seems to have 

 been finally proved, whatever the contrary opinions, by the 

 comprehensive investigations of the Viennese pathologist, 

 Weichselbaum. He proved from a large amount of material 

 at his disposal that degeneration of the islands of Langer- 



48 O. v. Fiirth and C. Schwarz, 1. c. 



E. Vahlen (Halle), Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 59, 194, 1909. 



48 R. P. Underbill and M. Fine (Yale Univ., New Haven), Amer. Jour. 

 Physiol., 10, 271, 1911. 



49 A. Gigon (Basel), Verb. d. 26. Kongr. f. innere Med., Wiesbaden, 1909, 

 p. 441. 



80 Cf . Rudisch, Arch, f . Verdauungskr., 15, 469, 1909. 



61 M. Mikulicich (0. Lowi's Lab., Gratz), Arch. f. exper. Pathol., 69, 133, 

 1912, holds a specific renal impermeability for sugar responsible for the inhi- 

 bition of adrenin glycosuria by ergotoxin as well as for inhibition of the 

 hyperglycsemia. 



