CHAPTEE XII 



PHLOKIDZLN DIABETES. LJEVULOSUKIA. LACTOSURIA. 



PENTOSURIA. EXPERIMENTAL GLYCOSUEIAS OF 



DIFFERENT KINDS 



PHLORIDZIN DIABETES 



HAVING familiarized ourselves in the last lecture with 

 the general nature of pancreatic diabetes, our attention may 

 be devoted to other physiologically important forms of 

 glycosuria, of which phloridzin diabetes is the first to be 

 taken up for consideration. 



As is well known we are indebted to J. von Mering for 

 the discovery that a glucoside found in the roots of apple-, 

 pear- and cherry-trees, known as phloridzin, when given to 

 human beings or to animals, is capable of causing a notable 

 excretion of sugar. On hydrolysis phloridzin splits into 

 glucose and phloretin, the latter substance also manifesting 

 diabetogenous properties. If the phloridzin be given regu- 

 larly at intervals of a few hours, a persistent "phloridzin 

 diabetes " will result, as pointed out by M. Cremer and by 

 Graham Lusk. 1 



Absence of Hyperglyc&mia. It was soon recognized that 

 phloridzin diabetes differs essentially from pancreatic 

 diabetes, and fails to show one of the principal character- 

 istics of the latter, as well as of most of the other forms 

 of glycosuria, namely, hyperglycaemia. The amount of 

 sugar in the blood, as proved by numerous investigators, is 

 not only not increased in phloridzin diabetes, but on the con- 

 trary is often diminished. 2 "While in pancreatic diabetes 

 after removal of the kidneys or ligation of the ureters large 



1 Literature upon Phloridzin Diabetes: M. Cremer, Ergebn. d. Physiol., 

 1', 883-886, 1902; K. Glassner, Centralbl. f. Stoffwechselkr., 1, 673-705, 1906; 

 F. Umber, Lehrb. d. Ernahrung, pp. 143-146, 1909; A. Magnus-Levy, Handb. 

 d. Biochem., 4', 366-368, 1909; Graham Lusk, Ernahrung u. Stoffwechsel (Ger- 

 man translation by L. Hess), p. 247, et seq., 1910. 



a Cf. P. Junkersdorf (Bonn), Pfluger's Arch., 136, 306, 1909; A. Erlandsen 

 (Lund), Biochem. Zeitschr., 23, 329, 1910; 24, 1, 1910. 



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