FORMATION OF SUGAR IN KIDNEY 279 



in the mammary glands. It is interesting to note, too, that 

 phloridzin has been found by observations on milk cows to 

 increase the amount of sugar in milk, 15 which may, how- 

 ever, perhaps be due to a relative inspissation of the milk 

 from the effect of the increased diuresis. 16 Significantly, 

 Underhill has been able to show that hyperglycsemia will 

 result from administration of phloridzin after excluding the 

 renal function. 17 



Numerous investigations have been made upon the gen- 

 eral metabolism in phloridzin diabetes. The same results 

 have been obtained in the ratio between sugar elimination 

 and nitrogen elimination in the dog with phloridzin diabetes 

 as in the diabetic human being (D : N = 3.6 : 1) in the studies 

 of Graham Lusk and his associates. 18 It is worthy of note 

 that an injection of phosphorus, which in a normal dog is 

 followed by a marked increase of nitrogen elimination, in the 

 dog with phloridzin diabetes causes no greater heightening 

 of toxic protein decomposition. 19 The increase of creatinin 

 excretion 20 and of elimination of aminoacids 21 seen in 

 phloridzin diabetes may be regarded as evidence of this 

 protein destruction. 



From the investigation of G. Bosenfeld, J. Baer and 

 others it is evident that a disturbance of the nitrogen bal- 

 ance, as that induced by starvation or carbohydrate-free 

 diet, occurs in phloridzin diabetes with mobilization of fat 

 and acidosis. The former of these features manifests itself 

 as a fatty infiltration of the liver, the fat disappearing from 

 other parts of the body and massing itself in the liver. 



15 Cornevin, Compt. Rend., 116, 263, 1893. 



19 C. Porcher, Compt. Rend., 138, 1475, 1908. 



17 F. P. Underhill (Yale Univ., New Haven), Jour, of Biol. Chem., IS, 15, 

 1912. 



** G. Lusk, Ernahrung und Stoffwechsel, p. 250, et seq., 1910; cf. also 

 A. J. Ringer (Univ. of Penna.), Jour, of Biol. Chem., 12, 431, 1912. 



w W. E. Ray, T. S. McDermott and Graham Lusk, Amer. Jour, of Physiol., 

 5, 139, 1899. 



20 C. G. L. Wolf and E. Osterberg (Cornell Univ., New York), Amer. Jour, 

 of Physiol., 28, 71, 1911. 



21 J. Yoshikawa (Kyoto), Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 78, 475, 1911. 



