VARIOUS EXPERIMENTAL GLYCOSURIAS 295 



sugar, 65 may give a positive result by this reaction; which 

 may on the other hand, however, be due to excreted gly- 

 curonic acids and pentoses. It cannot possibly be regarded, 

 therefore, as specific for pancreatic break-down, the more so 

 because any actual nuclear decomposition in the tissues may 

 be followed, as has been seen, by passage of pentoses into the 

 urine. This aside, of course the particularly large amount 

 of pentoses in the pancreas (which is said to contain five 

 times the quantity of pentose as the liver and other glan- 

 dular organs and about twenty times more than do the 

 muscles) 66 favors the passage of pentoses into the urine when 

 this organ undergoes destructive changes. For this reason 

 there is some value in examining the urine for pentoses as an 

 aid to the diagnosis of pancreatic affections. 



EXPERIMENTAL GLYCOSURIAS OF VARIOUS KINDS 



The list of the recognized examples of this abnormality 

 of metabolism is far from exhausted even after completing 

 the above mentioned types of sugar excretion in the urine. 

 We are acquainted also with a large number of possibilties of 

 inducing experimental glycosurias by interferences of many 

 kinds. A review of these may be considerably facilitated by 

 dividing, as Pollak 67 does, the glycosurias due primarily to 

 renal influence from the glycosurias following hyper- 

 glycaemia. 



Renal Glycosurias. To the first of these groups, besides 

 the phloridzin diabetes already considered, certain glyco- 

 surias caused by renal poisons are to be referred. According 

 to Ellinger and Seelig in rabbits in a certain stage of 

 cantharides intoxication it is impossible to induce a glyco- 

 suria by adrenin and the elimination of sugar by dogs with 



66 Cf. R. Wilhelm, 8 internat. Physiol. Kongr., Vienna, 1910. (There would 

 appear to be a synthesis therein of mono- to polysaccharides, which pass into 

 the urine.) 



W G. Grund (Salkowski's Lab.), Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 55, 111, 1902. 



m L. Pollak (Pharmakol. Instit., Vienna), Arch. f. exper. Pathol., 61, 366, 

 1909. 



