298 VARIOUS EXPERIMENTAL GLYCOSURIAS 



occasioned by introducing a drainage tube may produce this 

 effect. Ulrich Eose invariably found a hyperglycsemia, and 

 sometimes, too, glycosuria, in rabbits after a simple 

 laparotomy. And Kreidl and Winkler 73 have been able to 

 prove that after opening the peritoneal cavity in dogs and 

 cats, but less frequently in rabbits, it is almost a regular 

 thing to find sugar in the urine. We would probably not be 

 far out of the way in supposing that in all procedures of this 

 sort, comparably with Bernard's puncture, we have to deal 

 with an effect upon the sympathetic nervous apparatus and 

 with a discharge of glycogen from its place of storage. 



Toxic Glycosurias. L. Pollak is disposed to regard many 

 forms of toxic glycosuria, as that in the course of caffein 

 poisoning and strychnine poisoning, as due to a central 

 nervous irritation analogous to that produced by the punc- 

 ture. All sorts of explanations have been offered for the 

 action of other harmful chemicals like ether, chloroform, 

 morphine, nitrite of amyl or carbon monoxide, but thus far 

 without any uniformity at all. 74 



Salt Glycosuria. "Salt glycosuria' 7 is also supposed to 

 be due to a direct irritation of the sugar centre. Injection of 

 large amounts of a dilute (about one per cent.) solution of 

 sodium chloride into the vascular system of an animal, is 

 likely to occasion a glycosuria, according to M. H. Fischer, 

 but fails to do so if the splanchnic nerves be cut. A glyco- 

 suria of much more marked intensity can be induced if the 

 salt solution be introduced directly into the vertebral artery 

 of the experiment animal instead of into a vein, thus insuring 

 a direct effect upon the nervous centres. Injections of sea 

 water, diluted to the osmotic pressure of the blood, will also 

 give rise to glycosuria. The glycosuria produced by sodium 

 chloride can be inhibited to some degree by injection of 



T *F. Winkler (under direction of A. Kreidl, Vienna), Centralbl. f. Physiol., 

 24, No. 8, 1910; cf. therein Literature. 



"Literature upon Toxic Glycosurias: K. Glassner, Wiener klin. 

 Wochenschr., 1909, No. 26. 



