459 



seen anything like this in any liver which has heen examined by 

 him. In Mammalia, according to his observation, the cells are for 

 the most part arranged in single rows (human subject, pig, dog, cat, 

 rabbit, horse, seal, Guinea-pig and others), but in some situations 

 two cells lie transversely across the tube, and they may be forced 

 into this position by injection. The cells do not completely fill the 

 tubes, and are not always placed quite close together, being sur- 

 rounded with granular matter. Injection passes sometimes on one 

 side of the tube, and sometimes upon the other ; often it entirely 

 surrounds a cell. In the human foetus and in the foetal calf there 

 are two or three rows of cells within the tubes, and this is also the 

 case in the livers of most adult reptiles and fishes which have fallen 

 under the author's observation, and in many parts of the network of 

 the bird's liver. 



OF THE DTJCTS OF THE LIVER. 



The duct, like the artery, lies close to the portal vein ; usually 

 this vessel is accompanied by one branch of the artery and duct, but 

 not unfrequently there are two or three branches of these vessels 

 with the vein. 



Anastomosis of the ducts near the trunk from which they come off. 

 The author observes that the anastomoses between the larger ducts 

 and between the larger branches of the interlobular ducts are pretty 

 numerous in the human liver, but these communications take place 

 only near the origin of the trunks by means of intermediate branches. 

 Different interlobular ducts do not anastomose with each other, but 

 the branches resulting from the division of a small trunk are often 

 connected together. 



In some animals these communications are so numerous, that a 

 complete network is formed at the portal aspect of the lobule, or 

 around a small branch of the portal vein. 



Not only are the right and left hepatic ducts connected together 

 by intermediate branches in the transverse fissure of the liver, as 

 E. H. Weber long ago demonstrated, but the branches coming off 

 from these communicate with each other as well as with the trunks 

 from which they come off. These branches are very numerous, and 

 form an intimate network of irregular branched ducts. Similar 

 communications occur between the branches in the portal canals, 



VOL. VII. 2 U 



