172 SUBDIVISIONS OF THE CARBONIFEROUS SYSTEM 



referred to the Coal Measures. This genus, however, was abun- 

 dant in early Carboniferous times, as may be gathered from those 

 specimens obtained by me in the red, black and gray shales of 

 the Union and Riversdale formations of Nova Scotia, which* 

 though they underlie the Marine limestones of the Windsor 

 formation, are nevertheless referred to the Eo-Carboniferousi 

 a position which the enclosed fauna of Phyllopods warrants 

 in assigning. 



Crustacea. Several specimens of a new genus, and new 

 species of one of the Podophthalmata and Xiphosura, occur in 

 the Harrington River and Riversdale collections in Colchester 

 County. These Crustaceans are highly characteristic of the 

 Carboniferous system in Europe and America, and their occur- 

 rence at this horizon, together with their generic characters, 

 point to them as prototypes of higher forms found in the higher 

 subsequent cycle of sedimentation in the series of sediments 

 referred to in the Coal measures above. Of these, B'elinurus 

 grandcevus, T. R. Jones and H. Woodward, has been recently 

 described, and the authors describe it as a Carboniferous form, 

 related to Carboniferous species in Great Britain. 



Amphibia. Of these animals there are both footprints and 

 trails in the collection of the Geological Survey or National 

 Museum at Ottawa, which are referable to the genera Sauropus 

 and Hylopus, which were obtained from rocks of Union and 

 Riversdale horizon, and some are of gigantic size. All other 

 footprints referable to this genus in North America, have been 

 described as Carboniferous and, consequently, the Parrsboro 

 and Spencer's Island specimens are Carboniferous, rather than 

 any other horizon. 



In his " Geology, Chemical, Physical and Stratigraphical," 

 Oxford, 1888, Professor Prestwich gives a table "Showing the 

 character and distribution of the species of organic remains in 

 the several main groups of the Palaeozoic series in the British 

 area." Under the head of Amphibians (including footprints) he 

 notes the occurrence of these in the Carboniferous, but none in 

 the Devonian. 



