NOTES ON GEOLOGY AND BOTANY OF DIGBY NECK BAILEY. 77 



are also more frequent upon the Bay of Fundy side than upon 

 that of St. Mary's Bay. while the former also feels most keenly 

 the effects of cold northerly winds. 



The influence of the above causes, combined with others 

 previously noted as resulting from geological structure and 

 depth of soil covering, are in the first place directly seen in the 

 contrast between the northern and southern sides of the penin- 

 sula as regards the variety and vigour of the vegetation, and 

 secondly, in a somewhat marked tendency towards an arrange- 

 ment of the vegetation in zones, parallel to the length of the 

 Neck and its bounding waters. Lastly, the depth and conse- 

 quently sheltered positions of such transverse valleys as that of 

 Sandy Cove present still other conditions, the influence of which 

 is directly reflected upon the plants there met with. 



The limits and distinctive features of these several tracts 

 have not yet been worked out with any precision, if indeed that 

 is possible, but some of their more general characteristics may 

 be briefly stated. 



The first of these zones is that which more immediately 

 forms the northern shore. This, although almost everywhere 

 rocky and in places precipitous, is more commonly low, present- 

 ing broad, bare ridges of rock, fringed below by a dense matting 

 of Fucus, and sheeted above by patches of grass or low-lying 

 shrubs. On wet and rocky cliffs tufts of Sedum Rhodiola are 

 not uncommon, associated with species of Saxifrage, and well 

 indicate the sub-arctic or sub-alpine conditions under which 

 their existence is maintained. The effects of such conditions 

 are also well seen in the woods which generally prevail along 

 this shore of the Neck. They contain much fewer broad-leaved 

 plants than occur farther inland, while their dwarfish and in 

 many instances almost prostrate growth, together with the 

 uniform bending of their trunks and branches away from the 

 direction of the prevalent winds, strikingly attest the effect of 

 their struggle with adverse influences. 



From the immediate shore the land upon the north side of 

 the Neck rises rapidly, but often in a succession of steps, with 



