PREFACE. VII 



1858, in the counties of Argenteiiil and Ottawa, and published the list in 

 the Canadian Naturalist and Geologist for 1861. A few additions have 

 been obtained from the Canadian Flora, published by L'Abbe Pro- 

 vancher, and from Dr. Maclagan, who collected near Montreal, and at a 

 few other localities in the j)rovince of Quebec. The results of my own 

 explorations in Gaspe during the summer of 1882 are included, as well 

 as notes obtained from an examination of the various collections in 

 McGill College and the Herbarium of the Natural Histoiy Society of 

 Montreal, Anything relating to the flora of the province that could be 

 culled from Sir William Hooker's Flora is likewise added. 



Ontario has been jn-etty thoroughly worked up in almost every 

 district. The eastern part by Mr. James Fletcher and Mr. R. B. Whyte, 

 of the Ottawa Field Naturalists' Club, and by the late B. Billings, Esq., 

 in the neighborhood of Prescott and Brockville. My own explorations 

 include the counties of Prince Edward, Addington, Hastings, North- 

 umberland, Peterboro and Victoria, in the central district; the vicinity 

 of Toronto, the Niagara Peninsula, the country along Lake Erie and the 

 line of the Canada Southern railway, Pelee Point and Island, the 

 vicinity of Owen Sound and the Bruce Peninsula; the north shore of 

 Lake Superior, and the whole extent of the Dawson Route, from 

 Thunder Bay to Manitoba, including the valley of the Kaminis- 

 tiquia River. The neighborhood of Hamilton has been well explored by 

 the late Judge Logic and J. M. Buchan, M.A., j)rincipal of Uj^per 

 Canada College, Toronto. The district around London has been care- 

 fully examined by William Saunders, Esq., President of the Entomo- 

 logical Society, and Dr. Thomas Burgess, Assistant Superintendent of 

 the Insane Asylum of that city. The researches of the latter gentle- 

 man have extended from Niagara Falls to Muskoka and Parry Sound, 

 and he has added many rare southern forms to the flora of the province. 

 H. B. Spotten, M.A., Principal of Barrie High School, has collected 

 largely in the vicinity of Lake Simcoe. The eminent Douglas, Dr. 

 Todd, Mr. Goldie and Dr. Maclagan have also done good service. The 

 collections of the three first named were examined by Sir William 

 Hooker, and all localities credited to them are taken from his work. 



Dr. Robert Bell has collected in the country north of Lake Superior, 

 along the shores of Lake Huron and in the country extending northwai-d 

 to James' Bay, along the east coast of Hudson's Bay, and in the valleys 

 of the Nelson and Churchill Rivers, and the intervening district. 



The great plains between Manitoba and the Rocky Mountains have 

 been pretty thoroughly examined. The collection made by Dr. G. M. 

 Dawson, while geologist and naturalist to the Boundary Commission, 

 embraces the whole flora of the 49th parallel, from the Lake of the 

 Woods to the Rocky Mountains. During the summei's of 1872, 18t5, 



