48 TESTUDINIDJK. 



few dark-broAvn dots on the crown and one in the centre of each 

 costal fsciitc ; tlie edge of the carajjace yellow ; jaws yellow ; a yel- 

 low black-edged streak on each side along the temple ; sides and 

 lower surface of neck and limbs whitish ; npper surface of limbs 

 blackish ; plastron yellow, with a symmetrical black marking along 

 the middle ; tail blackish above, yellow, with a black median lino, 

 interiorly. 



Head and neck 85 millim., carapace 150, tail 170. 



Southern China, Siam, liurma. 



a. ITgr., slifd. S. China. J. EecTes, Esq. [P.]. (Type.) 



b. ITgr., skt']. S. China. J. Reeves, Esq. [P.]. 



c. Ad., stiFd. China ? Zoological Society. 



d. Ad., spir. Laos, Siam. 



<>-/. Yg., spu-. Pegu. W.TheobaM, Esq. [C.J. (Types 



of P. peguense.) 

 (J. Ilgr., spir. Burma. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P.], 



Earn. 6. TESTUDINIDiE. 



Testudinida;, Emydidte, part., Gray, Ann. Phil (2) x. 1825. 

 Testudinidaj, Emydida?, part., Bell, Zuol. Journ. iii. 1828. 

 Tylopodes, Steganopodes, part., Wayler, Syst. Avipk. 1830, 

 Testudinidffi, Eniydie, part., Gray,>Srjn. liept. 1831. 

 Chersites, Elodites Cryptoderes, part., Dmmril ^- Bibron, Urp. Gen. 



ii. 1835. 

 Testudinidse, Emvdidae, part.. Gray, Cat. Tort. 1844, and S/i. liept. 



i. 1855. 

 Emydoidfe, Necteniydoida?, l)eirochelyoida3, Evemydoida3, Clemmy- 



doida>, Cistudiuina, Testudiniua, Ayassiz, Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S. 



1857. 

 Chersemydina, part., Stranch, CJiehn. Stud. 1862. 

 TestudinidaB, Cistudinidae, Emydidaj, Malaclenimydaj, Pseudemydte, 



Batagurida;, Gray, Sup2)l. Cat. Sh. liept. i. 1870. 

 Testudinidae, Emydidae, part., Cistudinidaj, Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. 



Sac. XX. 1882, p. 144. 



Kuchal plate without well- developed costiform processes. Plas- 

 tral bones nine. Shell covered with eindermal shields. Caudal 

 vertebra) precocious. Neck completely retractile within the shell. 

 Lateral temporal arch usually present ; no parieto-squamosal arch. 

 Digits short or moderately elongate ; phalanges with condyles ; 

 claws four or five. 



Cosmopolitan, except Australia and Papuasia. 



The genera included in this family form a pretty continuous series 

 from such thoroughly aquatic forms as the Batagurs to the Land- 

 Tortoises * ; and this series has been followed, in the following 



* A recent writer suggests to separate the Land-Tortoises from the Emjcis 

 on the ground of the presence in the former and tlie absence in tiie latler of 

 dermal osi-ilications on the limbs. 13ut tlie ahi^cnce of t-ueh ossifications iu the 

 gigantic Land-Tortoises destroys the value of that character. 



