256 



TEIONTCflTDiE. 



9. Trionyx sinensis. 



Trionyx (Aspidonectes) sinensis, Wiefftn. Nov. Act. Ac. Leop.-Carol. 



xvii. p. 180 (1834). 

 stellatus, var. japonica, Schleg.Faun.Japon., Hept.Tp. 33, pi. vii. 



(,1838). 



japoiiicus, Schlef/. Ahbild. p. 108, pi. xxxi. (1840). 



"tuberculatus, Cantor, Ann. (§• Mug. IS!. H. ix. p. 482 (1842) ; 



Gray, Froc. Zool. Sac. 180], p. 42 

 Tyrse peroceUata, Grai/, Cat. Tort. p. 48 (1844). 

 Trionyx perocellatus, Gra;/, Cat. Sh. Rept. i. p. 6-5, pi. xxxi. (1855). 



maackii, Brandt, Biill, Ac. St. Petersb. xvi. p. 110 (1857). 



scblefj:elii, Brandt, I. c. 



sinensis, Straiich, Chelon. Slnd. p. 177 (1802); Giinth.Rcpt. 



Brit. Ind. p. 40 (1804); Strauch, Verth. Schildkr. p. 128 (1865), 



and Voy. Przewalslci, Rept. p. 5, pi. i. (1876). 

 Potamochelys ? perocellatus, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 86. 



tuberculatus, Gray, I. c. p. 87, and >Snp2>L Cat. Sh. Rept. i. 



p. 105 (1870). 



Laudeniauia irrorata, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1809, p. 216, fig., and 

 Siippl. Cat. Sh. Rept. i. p. 96, and Ann. Sf May. N. H. (4) xii. 

 p. 100 (1873). 



perocellata. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 216, and Suppl. 



Cat. Sh. Rept. i. p. 06, and Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, p. 53, tigs, and 

 Ann. c^- Mag. ]V. H. (4) xii. p. 159 (1873). 



Psiloguatbus la; vis, Ileude, Mem. Hist. Kut. Emp. Chin. i. p. 24, 



pi. ii. (1880). 

 Temnognantbus mordax, Heude, I, c. p. 26, pi. iii. 

 Gompbopelta officinas, Ileude, I. c. p. 27, pi. iv. 

 Cffiloguatbus noveni-costatus, Heude, I. c. p. 29, pi. v. 

 Tortisteruum novem-costatum, Heude, I. c. p. ."il, pi. vi. 

 Ceramopelta latirostris, Heude, I. c. p. 33, pi. vii. 

 Coptopelta septem-co-stata, Heude, ^. c. p. 35, pi. viii. 

 Cinctisternum biciuctum, Heude, I. c. p. -37, pi. ix. 



Costal plates normally eight pairs *, the last weU developed and 

 in contact throughout on the median line ; a single neural between 

 the first pair of costals ; dorsal plates fiuely pitted and vermiculate. 

 Dorsal skiu of young with longitudinal ridges of small tubercles. 

 Epiplastra separated from each other ; entoplastron broad at each 

 end, forming an obtuse angle ; plastral callosities well developed 

 in the adult, hyo-hypoplastral, xiphiplastral, and sometimes also 

 entoplastral, finely sculptured like the carapace. Head moderate ; 

 snout (on the skull) longer than the diameter of the orbit ; inter- 

 orbital space usually narrower than the nasal fossa; postorbital 

 arch at least half the diameter of the orbit in the adult ; mandible 

 without symphysial ridge, its width at the symphysis exceeding the 

 diameter of the orbit. Olive above, uniform or light-dotted, dorsal 

 disk frequently with a few scattered blackish spots ; head above 

 with small spots or dots ; frequently a few black streaks radiating 

 from the orbit, a rostral, a temporal, and an interorbital being 

 usually distinct ; chin and throat spotted or marbled with wbite on 

 a dark ground ; plastron whitish, in the young usually with sym- 



Nine pairs are present in specimen h. 



