ECHINOIDEA. 139 



ECHINOIDEA (see p. 27). 



CIDARIDiE {see p. 29) . 



CIDARIS. 



Cidaris, Leske (ex Klein), Addit. (1778) p. 42 (pars) ; Gray, Ann. Philos. 



xxvi. (1825) p. 426 ; Ay. % Des. Ann. Sc. Nat, vi. (1846) p. 325 ; 



J. Mull. Abhl. k. Ak. Wiss. Berl. 1853 (1854) p. 123 ; Desor, Syn. Ech. 

 foss. p. 3; Stewart, Q. J. M. S. xi. (1871) p. 51 ; A. Ay. Rev. Ech. 



(1872-4) p. 252 ; id. Chall. Hep. 1881, p. 33; Loven, Bih. K. Svensk. 



Vet.-Akad. Hdly. xiii. (1887[8]) iv. no. 5, p. 138 ; Duncan, J. Linn. 



Soc. xxiii. (1889) p. 27. 

 Cidarites, Lamk. An. s. Vert. iii. (1816) p. 52. 

 Eocidaris, Desor, Syn. Ech. foss. (1858) p. 155. 

 Rabdocidaris, id. op. cit. p. 39 ; Rhabdocidaris, De Loriol, Mem. Soc. 



Phys. Geneve, xxviii. no. 8 (1883) p. 7. 

 Leiocidaris, id. op. cit. p. 48. 

 Porocidaris, id. op. cit. p. 46 ; Wyv. Thorns. Phil. Trans, clxiv. (1874) 



p. 726. 

 Phvllacanthus (subg.), Brandt, Prodr. descr. Atiim. (1835) p. 67. 

 Gymnocidaris, A. Ay. Bull. M. C. Z. i. (1863) p. 17. 

 Orthocidaris, id. ibid. 

 Temnocidaris, id. t. c. p. 18. 

 Prionocidaris, id. ibid. 

 St^phanocidaris, id. ibid. 

 Ckondrocidaris, id. ibid. 



Dorocidaris (subg.), id. Rev. Ech. (1872) p. 254. 

 Schleinitzia, Studer, MB. Ak. Berl. 1876, p. 463. 

 Discocidaris (subg.), Dbderlein, Arch. f. Nutury. 1885, p. 82. 



Test stout, turban-shaped, flattened above and below ; ambu- 

 lacral areae slightly sinuous, about one-fourth the breadth of the 

 interambulaeral areae ; the plates of the latter are not numerous, 

 and each has its centre occupied by a large primary tubercle. This 

 is frequently perforated at its tip, but it may not be, and the base 

 may or may not be crenulated. 



A large number of generic forms have been quite unnecessarily 

 distinguished, as the synonymy of the genus shows. 



Key to the Species. 



Peristome nearly as large as calycinal area 1. C.papillata. 



Peristome much smaller than calycinal area 2. C. purpurata. 



Doubtful species 3. C. yracilis. 



1. Cidaris papillata. 



Cidaris papillata, Leske, Addit. (1778) p. 61, pi. xxxix. fig. 2; Flem. 

 Brit. An. (1828) p. 477; Forbes, Brit. Star/. (1841) p. 146 j 

 Philippi, Arch. f. Nat. 1845, p. 353 : Dub. 8f Kor. Vet.-Ak. 

 Hdly. 1844 (1846), p. 255, pi. ix. figs. 25-30; Ay. Ann. Sci. Nat. 

 vi. (1846) p. 324 ; Gray, Brit, Rad. (1848) p. 2; Sars, Norg. Ech, 

 (1861) p. 93 ; Loven, Vet.-Ak. Hdly. xi. 7. (1874) pi. xx. ; 

 Wyv. Tlioms. Phil. Trans, clxiv. (1874) p. 722, pi. lix. figs. 1-13. 



Echinus cidaris, ? var. a, Soiverby, Brit. Misc. (1805) p. 80, pi. 44. 



Cidarites papillata, Desmoid. Syn. Ech. (1837) p. 320. 



