i 9 2 CROWS AND ROOKS. 



stationed himself to watch their motions, to walk leisurely to 

 a more distant part of the field. He remained for some time 

 a spectator of their singular assemblage, which impressed him 

 with the opinion that it was a deliberate council ; and we 

 agree with him that in this case, at least, though not in the 

 preceding, which occurred in the autumn, their object was 

 connected with the usual pairing, which takes place about that 

 time. We are the more strengthened in the opinion, from 

 having witnessed meetings in some degree similar amongst 

 Magpies, and some other birds. 



In the month of February, we recollect once seeing a pro- 

 digious number of Magpies in a field ; some hopping about 

 near the edge, others secreted in the hedges, and no less than 

 twenty -seven perched on a small ash-tree. At first, the 

 presence of a fox was suspected, knowing it to be a constant 

 practice with these birds to collect, if Reynard shows himself ; 

 but as they did not appear to be hovering over any particular 

 spot, as if a concealed enemy was lurking near, we inclined to 

 the opinion that some private concerns of their own had 

 brought them together. The chattering was incessant, and 

 when disturbed, and under the necessity of beating a retreat, 

 chey flew nearly in the same direction, as if disposed to 

 adjourn their meeting to a more retired spot, than with a view 

 to break it up. 



A singular habit somewhat similar, little known or noticed, 

 though uncommon, prevails also among Starlings. If care- 

 fully watched, they may be seen occasionally to alight in a 

 regular circular form. A numerous flock was once seen to 

 divide itself into two companies, each forming a distinct circle. 

 If undisturbed, they will remain a considerable time in the 

 same place, uttering the same twittering note upon the ground 

 as when perched on trees or reeds. This habit is usually 

 observable in pastures ; sometimes, though rarely, in stubble- 

 fields ; but never upon fallow or new-ploughed land. 



We have pointed out some of the broad marks of distinction 

 between the Crow and the Rook, as far as relates to their food 

 and habits : a slight reference to the personal difference between 

 them will be sufficient. The beak of the Crow is more bent and 



