206 



INDEX. 



Anhitna, a bird of the crane kind, of Brasil, described ; the 

 cock and the hen prowl together ; when one dies, the other 

 stays by it, and dies also, iv. 313. 



Animals hold the first rank amidst the infinitely different pro- 

 ductions the earth offers ; are endowed with powers of mo- 

 tion and defence, even those fixed to one spot ; organized 

 beings, provided with some defence for their own security ; 

 endued-with life and vigour ; some by nature violent ; have 

 their enmities and affections ; ultimately supported upon 

 vegetables ; those in a dry sunny climate strong and vigo- 

 rous ; different vegetables appropriated to the different ap- 

 petites, and why; of domestic kinds, carried from milder 

 countries into northern climates, quickly degenerate and 

 grow less ; in the internal parts of South America and Afri- 

 ca grow to a prodigious size, and why ; not so in the cold 

 frozen regions of the north ; the most perfect races have the 

 least similitude to the vegetable productions on which they 

 are ultimately fed ; the meaner the animal, the more local ; 

 assume different habits as well as appearances, and why ; 

 some peculiar to every part of the vegetable system ; there 

 are that live upon other animals ; this wisely so constituted 

 to diminish the number of animals, and increase that of ve- 

 getables ; the general scope of human industry ; of the vast 

 variety, very few serviceable to man ; in a catalogue of more 

 than twenty thousand land animals, scarcely a hundred are 

 any way useful to man ; expediency of man's living upon 

 animals as well as vegetables, i. 347 358. Little more 

 known than that the greatest number require the concur- 

 rence of a male and female to reproduce their kind ; and 

 these, distinctly and invariably, found to beget creatures of 

 their own species, 359. Such parts as the animal has double, 

 or without which it can live, are the latest in production, 

 375. De Graaf has attended the progress and increase of 

 various animals in the womb, and minutely marked the 

 changes they undergo, ib. That which, in proportion to 

 its bulk, takes the longest time for production, the most 

 complete when finished; of all others, man the slowest in 

 coming into life ; the most formidable are the least fruitful, 

 and why ; those which bring forth many, engender before 

 they have arrived at half their natural size ; approach more 

 to perfection, whose generation nearly resembles that of 

 man, 385. Men and apes only have eye-lashes upon the 

 upper and lower lids ; all others want them on the lower 

 lid, 415. That which has most desires, appears capable of 

 the greatest variety of happiness ; those of the forest re- 

 main without food several weeks ; all endure the want of 

 sleep and hunger with less injury to health than man ; na- 

 ture contracts the stomachs of carnivorous animals of the 

 forest, to suit them to their precarious way of living ; but 



