260 INDEX. 



volcano ; by Burnet a great mass of water ; composed of 

 different layers or beds, lying horizontally one over the 

 other, like the leaves of a book, 48. By Hutton supposed 

 to have existed from eternity, and that there is no trace of 

 beginning or end, i. 32. By Whitehurst to have originated 

 from a fluid state, and gradually become solid, 36. 



Earth, garden, or mould earth, a kind of mother, never found 

 an enemy to man, i. 4-8. Black earth formed by decayed 

 leaves and branches in Burgundy, 51. Drying and astrin- 

 gent earth preserves bodies from corruption, ii. 123. All 

 such earths as ferment with vinegar are a composition of 

 shells, decayed and crumbled down to one uniform mass, 

 v. 208. 



Earthquakes frequent through the whole region where a vol- 

 cano is situated, i. 77. Various kinds of them distinguished 

 by philosophers, and by M. Buffon ; air the only active 

 operator in them ; several opinions upon the cause of them ; 

 activity of internal heat alone sufficient to account for every 

 appearance attending earthquakes ; twelve cities in Asia 

 Minor swallowed up in one night ; extraordinary earthquake 

 related by Pliny ; account of that in the year 1693, extend- 

 ing to a circumference of two thousand six hundred leagues ; 

 minute description of that m Jamaica in 1692 ; account of 

 the dreadful shock in Calabria in 1638 ; concomitant cir- 

 cumstances attending earthquakes, 105. 



Earth-worm of America, often a yard in length, and thick as 

 a walking cane, i. 351. Its description, vi. 174. 



Earwig, its habits ; reproaches, groundless about this animal ; 

 its food; general characteristics of the kind; lives in its 

 winged state a few days ; dies to all appearance consump- 

 tive, vi. 35. 



Echeneis, the sucking fish, its description, v. 125. 



Echini, or Urchins, a multivalve shell-fish, v. 24-7. See Ur- 

 chins. 



Echo, no art can make an echo, ii. 41. 



Eel described, v. 123. 



Effluvia from diseased bodies propagate disorders called in- 

 fectious, i. 279. 



Egg, all birds, most fishes, and many of the insect tribes, 

 brought forth from eggs, i. 368. Warmth of the sun, or of 

 a stove, efficacious in bringing the animal in the egg to per- 

 fection ; its description ; history of the chicken in the egg 

 to its complete formation, 369. The ichneumon discovers 

 and destroys the eggs of the crocodile ; the crocodile lays 

 in the sand at a time three or four hundred, iii. 92. Such 

 birds as undisturbed lay but two or three eggs, when their 

 eggs are stolen lay ten or twelve ; a common hen, mode- 

 rately fed, lays above a hundred from the beginning of 

 spring to the latter end of autumn, iv. 25. Some of the 



