A KEY TO THE TEXT 



the most familiar yet baffling and inscrutable of pheno- 

 mena, but they deal also with the applications and 

 transmutations of energy upon which practically 

 all the mechanisms that perform the world's work 

 depend from water wheels and windmills to steam 

 engines, gasoline motors, and electric dynamos. 



4. Chemical Science, and the Chemical Industries. 

 Here we have virtually an extension of the physical 

 field to the world of the atom. We deal with inscrutable 

 forces which have, nevertheless, the most tangible 

 manifestations. Our studies range from the visionary 

 dreams of the ancient alchemist, and the scarcely less 

 mystical calculations of the modern student of atoms, 

 valences, and periodic functions, to such highly prac- 

 tical fields as the work of electro-plating metals, com- 

 pounding dye-stuffs, and manufacturing artificial gems 

 in the laboratory. 



5. Biological Sciences, including botany, zoology, 

 biology proper, anatomy and physiology, medicine, 

 experimental psychology, and anthropology. Here the 

 very list of subjects is sufficiently explicative of the 

 wide range of interests involved. We deal with the 

 origins of life itself; with the evolution of species; 

 with the applications of scientific knowledge to the con- 

 quest of disease ; and with those subtle studies that are 

 concerned with the brain itself and with the disembod- 

 ied evidence of its functionings which we term the mind. 



6. The Applied Sciences, or Mechanical Arts. 

 Much that is implied by this title might properly be 

 included, also, in the preceding ones. There are, 

 however, a good many of the mechanical arts for 

 example, paper-making, printing, book-binding, the 

 manufacture of cloth, the development of the flying- 

 machine, and the like that have depended for their 

 development upon the ingenious application of familiar 

 principles rather than upon any novel discovery. Yet 



[3] 



