BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 



Bacon, Francis, ii, 192. Born at London, 

 1561; died at Highgate, 1626. English philoso- 

 pher and statesman. Educated at Cambridge, 

 was attached to Embassy in France, 1576. En- 

 tered Parliament, 1584. Knighted, 1603; held 

 many political offices up to Lord Chancellor, 

 1618, and tried for bribery, removed and fined, 

 1621. He was a great reformer of methods of 

 scientific investigation, and one of the chief 

 founders of modern inductive science. Chief 

 works, "Novum Organum" and "Advancement 

 of Learning." 



Bacon, Roger, ii, 44. Born at Ilchester, cir. 

 1214; died at Oxford (probably) 1294. English 

 monk and philosopher. Studied at Oxford, 

 Paris, returned to England and entered Fran- 

 ciscan order at Oxford, where he carried on re- 

 searches in alchemy and optics. Was removed 

 to Paris, 1257, after having been accused of un- 

 orthodoxy and dealing with the black art. All 

 writing materials and instruments were taken 

 from him. Despite the Franciscan prohibition, 

 he prepared his "Opus Majus" at the request of 

 Pope Clement IV. This was an encyclopaedia of 

 all the science and knowledge of the time. Ten 

 years after Clement's death he was free 

 to do as he liked, but was imprisoned again by 

 Pope Nicholas III, and his books forbidden to 

 be read. He had found out much in the way of 

 chemistry and by some is credited with knowing 

 of the existence of gunpowder. He studied 

 much in optics and corrected many errors in the 

 calendar. 



Baglivi, Giorgio, iv, 182. Born at Ragusa, Sic- 

 ily, 1669; died at Rome, 1707. Italian physician 



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