BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 



Her University, 1761. He formulated a new the- 

 ory of life that of a vital principle in the living 

 organism, which is different from both the think- 

 ing mind and the physical forces of the body. 

 The life of each separate organ is a particular 

 manifestation of the vital principle. He made 

 no experiments to substantiate his views. 



Bell, Alexander Graham, viii, 73. Born at 

 Edinburgh, 1847. American inventor and scien- 

 tist. Educated in Great Britain, came to Can- 

 ada, 1870. He became greatly interested in his 

 father's system of instruction for the deaf and 

 dumb, and after his appointment as Professor of 

 Vocal Physiology at Boston University, 1872, 

 began the experiments which led to the inven- 

 tion of the telephone. Has also invented the 

 photophone, which transmits sounds by waves 

 of light; also the graphophone. 



Bell, Alexander Melville, viii, 78. Born at 

 Edinburgh, 1819. Scottish-American educator. 

 After teaching at Edinburgh and London Uni- 

 versities came to Queen's College, Kingston, 

 Canada, and later, 1881, removed to Washing- 

 ton, D. C. Inventor of the visible-speech system 

 for teaching deaf-mutes to speak. 



Bell, Sir Charles, iv, 249. Born at Edinburgh, 

 1-774; died in 1842. Scottish surgeon, anatomist 

 and physiologist. In early life practiced and 

 lectured Edinburgh and London. Made a spe- 

 cial study of gunshot wounds during the Napo- 

 leonic wars. 1826 became head of medical de- 

 partment, London University. His principal 

 work and practice was in connection with nerv- 

 ous diseases, upon which he was a great au- 

 thority. 



[65] 



