BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 



ican chemist. One of the first to conceive the 

 so-called "law of octaves," which later was ex- 

 plicated fully by Mendeleeff under the title of 

 "the periodic law." 



Hipparchus, i, 233. Born at Nicaea, in Bithy- 

 nia, 160 B.C. A Greek astronomer called "the 

 lover of truth," one of the founders of scientific 

 astronomy. He discovered the precession of the 

 equinoxes, some of the inequalities of the moon's 

 motion, and the eccentricity of the solar orbit. 



Hippocrates, i, 170. Born at Island of Cos, 

 about 460 B.C. ; died at Larissa, Thessaly, about 

 377 B.C. A Greek physician, termed the "Father 

 of Medicine." His most revolutionary step was 

 divorcing the supernatural from the natural, and 

 establishing the fact that disease is due to nat- 

 ural causes. This led to closer and systematic 

 observation of cases, and written observations 

 "clinical histories" as they are called. Some of 

 the surgical procedures described by him are 

 followed, with slight modifications, by modern 

 surgeons. 



Hoffman, Friedrich, iv, 184. Born at Halle, 

 Prussia, Feb. 19, 1660; died at Halle, Nov. 12, 

 1742. A celebrated German physician. He ar- 

 ranged the doctrines of Boerhaave into a "sys- 

 tem" which considered force inherent in matter, 

 expressed as mechanical movements, and de- 

 termined by mass, number, and weight. He in- 

 troduced several new remedies, one of them 

 "Hoffman's anodyne" (spirits of ether), which 

 is still in use. 



Holland, John P., vii, 105. Born in 1841. 

 American inventor. Began building submarine 

 boats in 1875, and in 1900 had so perfected them 



