BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 



of the mercury proving the correctness of the 

 theory of atmospheric pressure. 



Pasteur, Louis, iv, 217. Born at Dole, Jura, 

 France, Dec. 27, 1822; died near St. Cloud, Sept. 

 28, 1895. Celebrated French chemist and micro- 

 scopist. Noted for his studies on fermentation 

 and his researches in bacteria. Remembered 

 particularly for his experiments with anthrax 

 bacillis and the prevention of the disease in do- 

 mestic animals caused by this germ. Also for 

 his experiments and demonstrations in the pre- 

 vention of hydrophobia by inoculation. 



Paul of Aegina, ii, 31. Born about 620; died 

 about the year 690. A Byzantine physician. He 

 was one of the Alexandrian school of physicians 

 who was far ahead of his time in his knowledge 

 of surgery. He discarded the prevalent idea of 

 the supernatural cause of disease and practiced 

 his profession along rational scientific lines. He 

 performed many modern operations, among 

 others those within the abdominal cavity. 



Perraudin, iii, 145. A chamois hunter, who 

 in 1815 noted the markings of glaciers on the 

 rocks in the Alps and reached the correct con- 

 clusion that these scratches were caused by gla- 

 ciers in former times. His conception was 

 laughed at at first by scientists, but later ac- 

 cepted as a true explanation of what are now 

 known as glacial scratches. 



Peter of Abano, ii, 36. Born in 1250; died in 

 1315. A celebrated mediaeval physician who ad- 

 vocated rational methods in the treatment of 

 diseases, maintaining that such diseases were 

 of natural rather than of supernatural causation. 

 He was one of the first great men produced by 



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