GENERAL INDEX 



Lenoir, J. J. E., inventor of the 

 first practical gas engine, 6, 



Leonardo da Vinci, 2, 47; denial 

 of the sun's motion, 2, 48; 

 his steam-engine, ibid.; his 

 camera obscura, ibid.; his geo- 

 logical observations, 2, 50; 

 gave new impulse to mechan- 

 ical invention ; produces earli- 

 est type of explosion engine, 

 6, 83; made sketches and 

 possibly models of flying 

 machines, 7, 227. 



Lepsius, Karl Richard, ex- 

 tended the study of the 

 famous trilingual inscrip- 

 tions of the Rosetta Stone, 1, 

 27; determined that the an- 

 cient stadium was one hun- 

 dred and eighty meters, 1, 231. 



Le Sage, George Louis, his the- 

 ory of gravitation, 5, 214. 



Leupold, his non-condensing 

 high-pressure engine, 6, 112. 



Leyassor, M. (with M. Panhard), 

 invented a modern gasoline 

 motor, 6, 140; applied the 

 Daimler motor to four- 

 wheeled vehicles and thus 

 developed the automobile, 



Levy, Dr. Max, invented a ma- 

 chine for making half-tone 

 illustrations, 8, 207. 



Lewes, George Henry, his trans- 

 lation of Ritter's rendering of 

 part of the poem of Parmen- 

 ides concerning the origin of 

 man, 1, 131. 



Lever, principle of, modifica- 

 tions of, 6, 29; laws of, credit 

 of discovering given to 

 Archimedes, three classes of, 

 6, 30; modified forms of, in 

 hand tools, 6,57. 



Ley den jar, invention of, by 

 Von Kleist, 2, 280. 



Liebermann, effected the syn- 

 thesis of alizarine, 8, 313. 



Liebig, Justus, isomerism proved 

 by, 4, 62 ; school of physiolog- 

 ical chemistry, under guid- 

 ance of, 4, 128; his studies of 



animal heat, 4, 131-135; his 

 doctrine of fermentation, 4, 

 219. 



Light, heat, and atmospheric 

 pressure, 2, 117. 



Light, Modern Theories of Heat 

 and, Chapter VI, 3, 206. 



Light, Newton and the Com- 

 position of, Chapter XI, 2, 

 225. 



Light, the wave theory of, 

 Thomas Young and, 3, 215- 

 225; endorsed by Fresnel and 

 Arago, 3, 226; opposition to, 

 ibid. ; accepted by French 

 Academy, 3, 227. 



Lighting, Artificial, Chapter XI, 

 6,201. 



Lighting Artificial, the use of the 

 torch by primitive man, 6, 

 202; lamps used in ancient 

 times, 6, 202; lamps used by 

 the Greeks and Romans, 6, 

 203; by Gas, 6, 207; early 

 experiments by Rev. Joseph 

 Clayton, and Dr. Stephen 

 Hales, 6, 207; the possibility 

 of using gas for illumination 

 demonstrated by William 

 Murdoch, in 1798, 6, 207; the 

 incandescent gas mantle, 6, 

 208; the introduction of 

 acetylene gas, 6, 212; Davy 

 and the first electric light, 6, 

 220; the Jablochkoff can- 

 dle, 6, 223; Brush's im- 

 proved arc light, 6, 226; Edi- 

 son and the incandescent 

 lamp, 6, 228; tungsten and 

 tantalum lamps, 6 ; 234; 

 the mercury-vapor light of 

 Hewitt, 6, 236. 



Lightning, proved to be elec- 

 tricity by Franklin, 2, 293; 

 amount of electricity gener- 

 ated by, 6, 161. 



Lightning-rod, invented by Ben- 

 jamin Franklin in 1750, 2, 290. 



Lilienthal, Otto, the flying ma- 

 chine of, 7, 279. 



Lilly, associated with Dr. Colton 

 in the construction and opera- 

 tion of a small model loco- 

 motive, 7, 179. 



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