X34 ASIA MINOR. 



we had not yet observed a burial ground in the Troad protected in 

 this manner. ; - 



At half-past three in the afternoon we again came in sight of the 

 sea, and entered once mo;-e into Hadim Oglou's domain, the bound- 

 ary of which is here marked by a tumulus called Vizier, or Pasha 

 Tepe. Towards the shore there are many tumuli, to which our 

 guides could give no other name than Besh Tepe, the five tumuli. 



Our road now led us through forests of the Valanea oak ; the large 

 husks which contain their acorns ai'e used for tanning, and form a 

 principal article of export from this part of Turkey. These trees 

 were now (March 18th) in full foliage. The valley, which here ex- 

 tends to the sea, is called Olimichi Ouessi. At five o'clock we reached 

 some ruins and observed many broken sarcophagi. At a Turkish 

 Hammaum or bathing- house, built over a natural hot-spring, is a 

 statue of a female figure in marble. We soon reached the remains of 

 an ancient aqueduct, called by our guide Eski Stambol Capessi, or 

 the gates of old Constantinople, a name given by the Turks to Alex- 

 andria Ti'oas. The day was too far advanced to allow us to visit the 

 extensive ruins of this place, we therefore halted at Gaikli, where we 

 slept. This village a few years ago contained a hundred and fifty 

 Turkish families ; but the exactions of their Aga have forced most of 

 them to emigrate to the adjacent island of Tenedos. At present 

 there are not more than twenty-five inhabited cottages. 



On mentioning to our host our wish of visiting the ruins of Eski 

 Stambol, he told us that Hadim Oglou's flocks were feeding in the 

 pastures near that spot ; that they were so numerous as to require 

 fifty watch-dogs, and that it would be unsafe for strangers to venture 

 among them. A couple of piastres, however, induced a man to go 

 forward and inform the shepherds that some friends of their master 

 were coming to visit the ruins, and thus the danger, real or pretended^ 

 was avoided. 



Next morning, passing by the ruins of the ancient aqueduct, built 

 originally by Herodes Atticus, and turning short to the right, we 

 came in a short time to a vaulted building, probably in former times 



