OLIVES, VINES, AND CORN OF PARTS OF GREECE. 289 



the tops of fennel. * To preserve them ripe, they are salted, a layer 

 of salt being put between a layer of olives. Another way of preserv- 

 ing them is with oil and vinegar ; a third in syrup or must, called 

 petmez ; the must is the juice of the grape boiled before fermentation 

 to the consistence of a syrup ; or lastly, simply in salt and water, the 

 usual method adopted by the peasants. The green olives dipped in 

 salt and water, are called >coXuft,5 «(?£?. -j^ ' 



A fourth sort is TfxyoXicc, or the goat olive; this produces very 

 hard fruit, and is little cultivated. 



A fifth sort iTfccfcoXicc (crooked) is so called from the fruit, which is 

 long, having the point a little curved. It ripens the latest, and re- 

 mains longest on the tree ; is gathered when quite ripe, and preserved 

 as one of the former. 



A sixth sort Xii^o-^o\tx is termed so from the resemblance of the 

 olive to a lemon, having a nipple-shaped fruit, of the size of a wal- 

 nut. It is indeed the largest, but is little cultivated, except by some 

 rich proprietors who have a few trees of it. The olive is preserved 

 green. 



A seventh sort derives its name from the resemblance of the fruit 

 to a hazel-nut, in shape ; the skin is thin, and the pulp rich ; but 

 little cultivated. 



An eighth sort is f^oQciay.:, from Mothone in the Morea, whence it 

 was first introduced. The fruit is either pressed into oil, or preserved 

 ripe. 



Another sort is y.xrcj'kM^ from «<,«« blood, because the fruit, when 

 perfectly ripe, being squeezed, gives a red colour to the hands. This 

 is pressed into oil or preserved. 



* We find mention in the Geoponica, ii. 631. of the fiapaSpov xXwvlaiv, which were 

 sometimes mixed with tlie olives; and Hermippus (in Athenas. lib. ii. c. t7' Schw.) says 

 Efi.(3aXXou(ri iMocpaSov s; toL; aX^LoZa,;. 



■\ Olivas foeniculo condire etiamnum apud Graecos solenne est ; has foeniculo et niuria 

 conditas olivas appellant xoXu;U./3>)Taf IXaiaj, vocabulo paulum deflexo a veterum xoAu/A/3aS«j. 

 — Coray in Athen. lib. ii. c. 47. Schw. 



P P 



