440 MONEY OF ATTICA. 



people," says Demosthenes, "require so much imported corn as we do." 



C. Lept. nXeia-TOj Tuv ccTTccvTuv ai/O^UTTuv STTSta-ccKTu ctItu y^puf^sda. l^eucon 



allowed them in the year 358 B.C. to carry from the Cimmerian 

 Bosphorus, (now the Straits of CafFa,) and from Theudosia, 

 400,000 medimni of corn. (Vales. Harpoc. 38, and Barbeyrac Anc. 

 Traitez, p. 213.) The medimnus or six pecks of wheat cost five drach- 

 mae at Athens in the time of Demosthenes ; now allowing that the 

 Athenian ships were laden with some manufactured articles to exchange 

 for the corn, as well as with M'ine, which formed part of their export 

 trade, it is certain that great payments must have been made in money. 

 The sources of the Athenian revenue were, 1. The contributions 

 from allied states ; the sum demanded from them in the time of 

 Aristides was 460 talents annually ; Pericles exacted 600 ; Alcibiades 

 doubled the original sum (Harpocr. Vales, p. 58.) ; and under Deme- 

 trius Phalerius, a further addition was made. (Diog. L. in v.) 

 2. Some revenue was also derived from the customs*; we find from 

 the Etymologicon, Harpocration, and Andocides, that a duty of 

 two ^jer cent, was demanded upon imported and exported goods ; 

 this was called UivTviKoa-rvi, and was hired or farmed by a corporation, 

 the head of which was called 'A^;^w'i/>j?-. (Valck. in Shut. Lee. An. 

 159.) 3. We may mention the confiscation of the property of dif- 

 ferent individuals ; the produce of sums arising from the sale of the 

 marble in the quarries of Hymettus and Pentelicus i ; the money 

 deposited by such as had law-suits in court ; that which was paid 

 into the treasury by persons who worked the mines, and the capita- 

 tion on the MiToiKot. \ Some of these different sources of revenue 



* De Myst. The import and export duties were farmed during the Peloponnesian 

 war at 3t> talents, or 9000/. This was the 50th; if we add tlie profit of the farmers, we 

 may estimate the whole foreign trade of Athens, at more than 400,000/. 



f In what request the marble of Pentelicus was held by the Greeks may be conjectured 

 from this circumstance ; it was used at Liloea, Stiris, Panopea, and Delphi, in Phocis ; 

 at Olympia for the roof of the great temple and for some statues there ; it was sent into 

 Achaia, Arcadia, and Bceotia, and other parts of Greece. — Pausanias. 



X Tlie annual tax on these persons, was 1 2 drachmse for a man, six for a woman. — 

 Menage in Diog. Laer. ii. 235. 



