500 ON THE TOPOGRAPHY OF ATHENS. 



Museum, on which was the monument to a certain Syrian (Philopap- 

 pus), which still crowns the summit of a hill at no great distance from 

 the Propylasa, on the south-west. This hill, too, he says, was within 

 the old walls of the city, IvTog tov TTe^ifSoXa a^;:^*/^, which is literally 

 true in respect to the building here spoken of, the foundations of the 

 old walls forming an angle on the summit of the hill, and en- 

 closing it. ■ . 



On his return from the Propylffia, Pausanias points out a few more 

 objects of curiosity on this side, before his final departure. Of these, 

 the first in order is a grotto consecrated to Apollo and Pan, which 

 was situated a little below the Propylaea, and near to a spring of 

 water. Here, precisely in the situation pointed out by Pausanias, a 

 grotto and a spring of brackish water are still observable ; and a re- 

 presentation of the former, with all the circumstances which are 

 requisite to fix its identity, may be seen on a bronze medal of Athens, 

 which is engraved in the Atlas to the Anacharsis. 



Pausanias next conducts us to the Areopagus, which was in the 

 vicinity of the Propylaia, and there is a rocky eminence just opposite 

 to that object, which, although no vestiges of a building are observ- 

 able on it, is generally supposed to have been the site of this venerable 

 tribunal. But there is a passage in the Bis Accus. of Lucian*, which, 

 as it fixes its position with respect to the cave of Pan, the Propylaea, 

 and Pnyx, and notices the ascent to it, removes nearly all doubt of its 

 situation. It is remarkable, that Pausanias makes no mention of 

 Pnyx ; but his silence may, I think, be accounted for, as Pnyx had 

 long ceased to be the place of assembly at the period when he visited 

 Athens, the Romans having then nearly abolished the forms of an in- 

 dependent government, f Nor is it probable that any thing in the 



* The passage is rather too long for insertion ; but a part of it, which more particularly 

 regards the cave of Pan, has been already quoted. The ascent to the Areopagus is 

 noticed in that speech of Pan, which begins with the words, Ba/3ai tou SiogvjSoii. 



■f The complaint of Athenion (vide Alhenffium, lib. v.) closes with the woids, xai T>iv 

 ■SfoJv ^g>)(r/xoij x.iii^ctt(riu)ij.evriv Flvuxa, aipYi^riij,svrjv Toi5 Arjf^w. According to Pollux and Hcsy- 

 chius, it continued to be made use of only when certain magistrates were to be elected. 

 The pulpituni looks towards the city. 



