ON THE TOPOGRAPHY OF ATHENS. 5I3 



genuine those traces of the walls, which Fauvel and Stuart have laid 

 down on this side of" the Acropolis, and which amount to about one- 

 third of their periphery, we may suspend the labour of further 

 enquii'y, for all beyond is doubt or conjecture. * 



It is on account of these insuperable difficulties, in ascertaining 

 the plan of the walls, that we are unable to fix the exact position of 

 the gates. We have even no precise information respecting their 

 number or denomination, and it is only by carefully comparing what- 

 ever may be gleaned from ancient authorities, with a few fixed points 

 in the plan of Athens, that we can hope to satisfy our curiosity. The 

 result, however, of this investigation has been more successful than 

 I had anticipated. 



To begin with Dipylon. The first object which Pausanias takes 

 notice of, on the sacred way leading from Athens to Eleusis, is the 

 tomb of Anthemocritus. Now, we are told by Plutarch that this per- 

 sonage was interred near the Thriasian gate, which was then called 

 Dipylon f ; a circumstance which derives some confirmation, if it 

 needed any, from a passage in the oration of Isaeus, tt^o? j; KxXvSuva. 

 From which we may conclude, first, that the Qfnaa-ixi UvXai and Ai.tuXov 

 were only different denominations of the same gate, and secondly, 

 that the 'Ispa; nJxat (if they ever existed) could have been no other 

 than this gate. It is remarkable that the two roads which lead at 

 present from Eleusis and the site of the Academy, met at one and 

 the same gate of the modern town. 



I have expressed a doubt, whether the denomination of 'le^a< UuXxi 

 was ever given to Dipylon ; for the sole authority for it is in a passage 

 of Plutarch. I am inclined to believe, that 'h^xi has been substituted 



* We may collect from the following passage of Strabo, how far they extended towards 

 the south-east : "Eg-i 8' aurrj ev tJ tei';;^^! (xsra^u too Hv^Iov xct) tou OXuftTriou. Lib. ix. Vitru- 

 viussays, that the walls on this side were of brick : — " Nonnullis civitatibus piiblica opera, 

 et privatas domos, ctiam rcgias, e latere, structas licet videre; ct primum Athenis raurum 

 qui spectat ad Hymettum montem." Lib. xi. Pliny repeats this account, lib. xxxv. c. 14. 



■\-TapYjvai 8e AvSr/xo'xgiTov vagx to.; 0gia(r»aj TruXaj, oi vuv AiVyXov ovofj-etZfincti. 

 jQuotcd by Harpocratio. 



3u 



