LONG WALLS OV ATHENS. 



523 



it is plainly intimated that there were two walls only in contact with 



that of the city, one of which is called the Phaleric, the other simply 



the Long Wail. In the next sentence, however, we unexpectedly 



find two long walls expressly noticed in the direction of the Piraeus, 



and exceeding the length of the Phaleric by one eighth ; " to, Se 



" ixa>i^ix Tii-xy} -TT^og rov nei^x7x, tbo-o-k^xkovtoi, (ttoc^Iuv ;" and that no doubt 



might exist of two walls being here understood, {ru-xri being often 



applied to the single wall of a town,) he has added " Zv to e^uBev ett;- 

 ,, ~ ■>■> 



The sense of the entire passage therefore is inconsistent and con- 

 tradictory, for the parts taken sepai-ately authorize very different 

 conclusions. Nevertheless there are two distinct points of information 

 which I think may be fairly deduced from it ; and they are of no 

 small importance in settling the object of this enquiry, namely, that 

 whatever might be the number of these long walls at the period 

 alluded to, two only joined those of the city, and two only were in 

 the direction of the Piraeus. . ;- .■■ ... ., r,. .'•...! 



But the authority upon which the notion of a third wall principally 

 rests, is taken from the following passage in the Gorgias of Plato. 



" YlBDiKXiov; SI ocuroq TiKovov, on crvvsfiouXiusi/ x[a,7v Trip] rov ^tocf^eTH Tu-xouq^ 



Plutarch, alluding to this passage, in his life of Pericles, informs us 

 that the wall here spoken of was one of the long walls, for he says, 



" TO 0£ fiocKpov TH'x^og^ TTipi ou ILuicpccTyig uKoxKroit (p7j(r]v auTov slTyiyovuevou 

 * yveif/.tiv UepixXBOUC, yj^yoXcc^r^a-e KxXXiy.^a.Tyi;. Now if we take Sixixiir^ 



strictly in the sense of an adjective, and understand by this expression 

 a middle wall, the notion of a third seems to be necessarily con- 

 nected with it ; but if we take it in the sense which is intended in 

 the following passage of St. Chrysostom, where it is synonymous 



with tV TU f/.i<TUI, " Ka« TOi dMKO<TlUV $-OC^tUV StVXl TIjV TTlptUlTpOV TUV A3'/;IIUV, 



" Tou Usi^xieui (TuvTBSeusvov, y.x\ run Six f^ecrou Tei^uv" we are at liberty to 

 give it a more enlarged interpretation, the meaning here being evi- 

 dently that of the walls between the city and the Piraeus. 



Whatever part might have been taken by Cimon in this great 



3x2 



