9 



TELEOSTOMI. 



V. Anal rays more than 20 Pomatomid.e, 57. 



IT. Anal rays less than 20 Percid.e, 63. 



UV l'. Anal spines three. 



W. Pseudobranchise small, fleshy, covered, by skin. 



Centkarchid.e, 62. 

 W IV. Pseudobranchise large, exposed. 

 X. Maxillary slipping under preorbital for its whole length. 



Sparid.e, C6. 

 XX. Maxillary not slipping under preorbital for its whole length. 



Seuranid^e, 64. 



UUUU. Anal spines, 4 to 10 Cextkarchid.e, 62. 



TT. Vomer without teeth. 



Y. Teeth setiform (tooth-brush like) ; soft parts of vertical fins 

 densely scaly; body elevated; dorsal deeply notched. 



Ephippid.e, 71. 

 IT. Teeth not setiform. 

 Z. Lateral line obsolete ; dorsal spines about 4. 



Elassomatid.e, 61. 

 ZZ. Lateral line present, 

 o. Anal spines 1 or 2; a large slit behind fourth gill. 



b. Lateral line extending on caudal fin; snout scaly. . . Sci.exid.e, 68. 

 bb. Lateral line not extending on caudal fin; snout scaleless. 



Pekcid.e, 63. 

 aa. Anal spines 3. 



c. Slit behind fourth gill none; lower pharyngeals completely united; 



jaws with canines in front Labrid.e, 70. 



cc. Slit behind fourth gill large. 

 d. Anal with more than 15 soft rays; preopercle serrate. 



Stromateid.e, 5tf. 

 dd. Anal with less than 15 soft rays. 



e. Maxillary slipping beneath the broad preorbital for its whole 



length; dorsal spines more than 10 Spakid.e, 66. 



ee. Maxillary not slipping beneath the narrow preorbital. 

 y Dorsal spines 12; premaxillaries moderately protractile; pseu- 



dobranchiaj large Lobotid^e, 65. 



yy Dorsal spines 9 or 10; premaxillaries extremely protractile; 



pseudobranchiae concealed Gerrid.e, 69. 



FF. Ventral fins with or without spine; the number of rays not I, 5. 



x. Upper jaw prolonged in a sword Istiophorid.e, 53. 



xx. L'pper jaw not sword-like. 



f. Dorsal tin low, of spines only Blexniid.e, 83. 



ff. Dorsal fin of spines anteriorly, of soft rays posteriorly. 

 g. Ventral rays 7; vent anterior; dorsal spines 3 or 4. 



Aphredoderidje, 60. 

 gg. Ventral rays 1, 1; dorsal spines free; vent normal ; body mailed. 



Gasterosteid/E, 45. 

 ggg. Ventral rays 1,4; body scaly; pectoral fin divided to base in 



two unequal parts Cephalacanthid.e, 75. 



fff. Dorsal of soft raj's anteriorly, with low spines posteriorly. 



Lycodid^e, 86. 

 ffff. Dorsal fin of soft rays only. 



