1G0 TELEOSTEI: ACANTHOPTERI. — XX. 



214. ANARRHICHAS (Artedi) Linmeus. (Ancient name, 

 from avappixaofiai, to scramble up.) 



445. A. lupus L. Wolf-fish. Vomerine teeth extending 

 much farther back than palatine. Brown, sides with 9 to 12 black 

 bars, continued on I)., besides dark spots and reticulations. Head 

 6 ; depth b\. D. LXII. A. 42. L. 4 feet. Cape Cod, N. (Eu.) 

 (Lat., wolf.) 



Family LXXXVI. LYCODID^E. (The Eel-pouts.) 



Body more or less eel-shaped, naked or with small, cycloid scales ; 

 mouth large, with conical teeth ; head unarmed ; gill membranes 

 united to isthmus; pseudobranchiae present; gills 4. D. and A. 

 very long, of soft rays only, or with a few spines in posterior part 

 of D. P. small. Vertical fins confluent around the tail. V. ju- 

 gular, imperfect or wanting ; lateral line obsolete. Vertebrae in 

 large number. Genera 10; species 35. Cold or deep waters, 

 chiefly Arctic. This group seems most closely allied to the Blen- 

 nies, but it agrees with the Anacanthini in wanting the spinous 

 dorsal. (XvKwo^y, wolfish.) 



a. D. with some of its posterior rays very short and spine-like; V. small. 

 (Zoarcinm.) 



b. Scales present ; teeth strong, in jaws only Zoarces, 215. 



215. ZOARCES Cuvier. (faapxrjs, viviparous.) 



446. Z. anguillaris (Peck). Eel-pout. Mutton-fish. Mother 

 of Eels. Brownish, mottled with olive. Head 6 ; depth 6. D. 

 95, XVIII, 17. A. 105. L. 20. Del. to Labrador, common N. 

 (On the Grand Banks occur several species of the related genus 

 Lycodes, which is without D. spines.) (Lat., like an eel.) 



The next family is in several respects peculiar, and marks the 

 transition from the Bleuny-like to the Cod-like fishes. 



Family LXXXVIL PHIDIID^E. (The Donzellas.) 



Body eel-shaped, naked or covered with very small scales which 

 are placed in oblique series at right angles to each other ; mouth 

 large, with villiform or cardiform teeth. Gill openings wide, the 

 gill membranes narrowly joined to the isthmus behind V. ; pseudo- 

 branchiae small or 0. Gills 4. Vertical fins low, of soft rays only, 

 confluent around the isocercal tail. Ventral fins at the throat, each 

 developed as a long forked barbel. Air-bladder present, Genera 5, 

 species 15 ; carnivorous fishes of the warm seas. 



a. Body scaly; palatines with a band of villiform teeth only; opercle with- 

 out spine; teeth in jaws fixed Ophidion, 216. 



216. OPHIDION (Artedi) Linnaeus. (Diminutive of ocpis, snake.) 



447. O. marginatum DeKay. Brownish ; D. and A. edged with 

 black. Air-bladder short and broad, with foramen below ; gill 



