ALCHLE. — CXXVI. 217 



6. Eyelids with deciduous appendages; no crests; culmen with one curve; 



covering of bill moulted in 7 to 9 pieces. . . . Fratercula, 322. 



aa. Inner claw similar in size and form to the others; no rosette at corner of 



mouth. 



6. Bill not very short, the angle of chin much nearer nostril than tip of bill. 



c. Nostril exposed, overhung by a horny scale (Pkalerince); culmen 



straight till near tip, then abruptly decurved. . Cepphus, 323. 



cc. Nostril more or less completely concealed by dense velvety feathers. 



(Alciruz. ) 



d. Bill narrow; neither mandible grooved: tail rounded, the feathers 



not pointed Uria, 324. 



dd. Bill very deep, much compressed, one or both mandibles grooved 

 in adult; tail graduated, its feathers pointed. 

 e. Wings well developed; bill (less than 1£) much shorter than head. 



Alca, 325. 

 ee. Wing3 rudimentary, incapable of flight; bill as long as head 



(about 3) Plautus, 326. 



66. Bill very short and broad, the angle of chin nearer to tip of bill than to 

 nostril; culmen curved. (AIUiub) Alle, 327. 



322. FRATERCULA Brisson. (Lat.. fraterculus, little brother.) 



634. F. arctica (L.). Puffin. Grooves of bill oblique, broad vw**" 

 and distinct. Blackish above ; a black band across fore-neck ; 

 white below. L. 13. B. If. Arctic, S. to X. J. 



323. CEPPHUS Pallas. (K«?7r#oy. a kind of petrel.) 

 a. Greater wing-coverts white to their extreme base. 



635. C. mandti (Liehtenstein.) Blackish, with large white wing- 

 patch; nearly white in winter. L. 13. W. 7. B. 1. Arctic, S. 

 to N. J. (Eu.) 



aa. Greater wing-coverts with at least their basal half black. 

 x636. C. grylle (L.). Black Guillemot. Bill larger than in vv^» 

 C. mandti ; size and colors similar. Arctic, S. to X. J. (Eu.) 

 (Scandinavian name.) 



324. URIA Brisson. (ovpla. a water-bird.) 

 a. Depth of bill at angle of mouth less than J culmen. 



637. U. troile (L.). Murre. Guillemot. Dusky ; second- w^j- 

 aries white-tipped; basal part of upper tomium dusky. L. 17. 



W. 8. B. If. N. Atl., S. to Mass. (Eu.) ("Possibly to Troil, 



the Icelander.") 



aa. Depth of bill at angle more than J culmen. 



638. U. lomvia (L.). Thick-billed Murre. Dusky; sec- ^ 

 ondaries white-tipped ; basal part of upper tomium thickened and 

 light-colored in adult. L. 16. TV. S\. B. l£. Arctic, S. to X. J. 

 (Eu.) (Swedish name.) 



325. ALCA Linnaeus. (Lat., from alk or auk.) 



639. A. torda L. Razor-billed Auk. Black; lower parts 

 and tips of secondaries white; snuffy-brown in summer. L. 161. 



