ICTERIDiE. — CLXVI. 279 



465. XANTHO CEP H ALUS Swainson. 



882. X. xanthocephalus (Bonaparte). Yellow -headed 

 Blackbird. $ black with white wing patch; head and neck 

 deep yellow; 9 smaller, browner, with less yellow. L. 10. AV. 51. 

 T. A\. W. N. Am., E. to Ind., etc., in swamps. (;£av66s, yellow ; 

 icecpaXr). head.) 



466. AGELAIUS Vieillot. (dyeXaios, gregarious.) 



883. A. phoeniceus (L.). Red-winged Blackbird. Swamp 

 Blackbird. <£ glossy (not iridescent) black, lesser wing covers 

 scarlet, with bully and paler edgings ; 9 dusky, streaked ; young 

 g streaked, with rusty on bend of wing. L. 9. W. 5. T. 4. 

 U. S., everywhere abundant. ((froivUeos, phoenician-red.) 



467. STURNELLA Vieillot. (Lat., dim. of sturna, starling.) 



884. S. magna (L.). Mkadowlark. Brownish and much 

 streaked above; chiefly yellow below, a black crescent on breast; 

 yellow of throat not encroaching on cheeks; sides and crissum 

 buffy. L. 10. W. 5. T. 3£. E. X. Am., very abundant. (Lat., 

 large, as compared with the sky-lark.) 



885. S. neglecta (Audubon). Westebn Meadowlaek. Very 

 similar, the colors duller and paler, the yellow of throat encroach- 

 ing on sides of lower jaw ; sides and crissum nearly white. W. N. 

 Am., E. to 111. ; almost exactly like the other, but the song quite 

 different, thrush-like. 



468. ICTERUS Brisson. (iicrepos. yellow.) 

 a. Depth of bill at base not half its length above. (Icterus.) 



886. I. spurius (L.). Orchard Oriole. $ black; rump, 

 bend of wing and lower parts deep chestnut; 9 yellowish olive, 

 quite small : young yellow, with various black or chestnut traces ; 

 young $ often yellowish, with black throat-patch. L. 7. W. 3£. 

 T. 3. E. U. S., common southerly ; a fine singer and an artist in 

 nest-building. 



aa. Depth of bill at base half its length. (Yphantes Vieillot.) 



887. I. galbula (L.). Baltimore Oriole. Golden Robin. 

 Fire Bird. Black ; bend of wing, rump, most tail feathers, and 

 under parts from the breast orange of varying intensity; 9 duller, 

 olivaceous and yellow. L. 7f. W. 3f. T. 3. E. X. Am, abun- 

 dant ; noted for its elaborate hanging nest as well as for its song. 

 (Lat., name of some bird.) 



469. SCOLECOPHAGUS Swainson. (ovcwX>?£, worm ; 

 <pdyos, eater.) 



888. S. carolinus (Miiller). Rusty Grackle. Rusty Black- 

 bird. $ glossv black becoming rusty in autumn; 9 dusky, lus- 

 treless. L. 91. " W. 4f . T. 4. E. U. S. 



