VESPEETILIONID/E. — CXC. 327 



560. SCAPANUS Pomel. (aKandvr], hoe.) 



1077. S. americanus (Bartram). Hairy-tailed Mole. 

 Dark plumbeous, with brown gloss ; palms narrow ; tail densely 

 hairy. L. 5. T. 1. Mass. to Ohio. 



561. CONDYLURA Illiger. (kov8v\os, node ; ovpa, tail.) 



1078. C. cristata (L.). Star-nosed Mole. Blackish; skull v«-m 

 long and slender. L. 6f. T. 2f. Nova Scotia to Ind., and N. 

 (Lat., crested.) 



Order L. CHIROPTERA. (The Bats.) 



Flying Tnsectivora. Mammals with the auterior limbs modified 

 for flight by the elongation of the fore arm, and especially of four 

 of the fingers, all of which are connected by a thin leathery mem- 

 brane, which also includes the hind feet and the tail ; humerus and 

 femur not included in the common integument of the body ; teeth 

 with enamel, the three sorts differentiated ; mammae pectoral. The 

 Bats are chiefly nocturnal in their habits, going into retirement in 

 day-time, and hanging, head downward, by their hind claws. Most 

 of them are insectivorous, a few in tropical regions feeding on fruits. 

 About 400 species are known, chiefly of small size. The order is 

 very sharply defined, but it has probably sprung from the same 

 stock as the Insectivora. (x f '<-pi hand ; Trrepov, fin.) 

 a. Insectivorous; ears large; no leaf-like appendage to snout ; hairs with im- 

 bricated scales arranged in spirals Vespertilionid.e, 190. 



Family CXC. VESPERTILIONID^l. (The Common 



Bats.) 



Insectivorous Bats with the snout not appendaged, or merely with 

 two lateral excrescences; wing membranes ample; tail completely 

 enclosed in the interfemoral membrane or only the last joint ex- 

 serted ; fur of peculiar structure, each hair with a series of minute 

 imbricated scales arranged in spiral. The largest family of bats, 

 with about 16 genera; especially abundant in temperate regions. 

 a. Nostrils simple, at tip of snout; ears moderate; forehead not grooved. 



b. Incisors 3 i- 



c. Teeth 38; muzzle narrow, hairy in front of eyes; ears as long as head; 



slender species with thin wings and ears. . . Vespebtilio, 562. 

 cc. Teeth 32 to 36; muzzle nearly naked before eyes; ears shorter than 

 head ; stout species with thick wings and ears. Vesperugo, 563. 

 bb. Incisors 5 '. 



d. Teeth 30; upper incisors small; wings and interfemoral membranes 



nearly naked Nycticejus, 564, 



dd. Teeth 32, upper incisors stout; interfemoral membranes hairy above, 



the wings with furry patches Atalapha, 565. 



aa. Nostril margined behind by grooves and glandular prominences; cheeks 

 with large excrescences; ears very large (an inch high); teeth 36. 



Plecotus, 566. 



