98 



5. Brachiopods. 



The test of some Terebratulce shows, besides the large well-known 

 canals, minute tubuli running straight through the fibres. A vertical 

 section of Terebratula australis, which I got from Prof. Carpenter, 

 showed that the minute canals referred to belong to a vegetable 

 parasite of the same kind as those of the Bivalves. 



6. Gasteropoda. 



Nearly all examined Gasteropods, viz. Cerithium tuberculatum, 

 Aporrhais pes-Pelecani, Turbo ruffosus, Murex brandaris, Murex 

 trunculus, Haliotis, Vermetus, Trochus, Littorina littorea, Terebra 

 myurus, Tritonium cretaceum, contained vegetable parasites in their 

 shells, and in some these were as numerous as in the Bivalves, and 

 showed also sporangia. Besides these fungi, the shell of Trochus 

 also contained in its most superficial layers unicellular pyriform algae 

 with green contents. 



7." Annelids. 



Even in this group the unicellular parasites were found, viz. in 

 the calcareous tubes of two Serpulce from the Scotch coast. 



8. Cirrhipeds. 



The same parasites also occurred very numerously in the shells of a 

 large Balanus. On the other hand, the genera Diadema and Lepas 

 were free from them ; and with regard to the straight tubes of Polli- 

 cipes described by Quekett, which also occur in Tubicinella, I am 

 inclined to reckon them amongst the typical structures. 



9. Fishes. 



The scales ofBeryx ornatus, from the clay, contain very numerous 

 and pretty parasitic structures, which almost totally agree with those 

 figured by Rose in his fig. 5. They undoubtedly also belong to the 

 simplest form of fungi, but are of greater interest, inasmuch as they 

 are fossil and seem to constitute a new genus. I was not able to find 

 parasites in any other fish-scales, notwithstanding that I examined 

 scales of all living and many fossil species of Ganoids and many 

 Teleostei. 



These are the facts which I have been able to gather, up to this 

 time. I have no doubt that all will ageee with me in regarding this 

 question as one of great interest for the zoologist as well as for the 

 botanist. The former will now be obliged to study these parasitical 



