IX 



tual vigour remained unabated to the close of a life prolonged to the 

 age of 83, and its results are left to us in works which " are models 

 of painstaking observation, available erudition, and perspicuous sim- 

 plicity." 



JOSEPH LOCKE was born at Attercliffe, near Sheffield, in 1806, and 

 educated at the Grammar School of Barnsley, whence he passed to 

 Newcastle-on-Tyne, and there learned the elements of engineering 

 under George Stephenson. He commenced the active duties of his 

 profession on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, where during 

 four years he had full opportunity for applying principles to practice, 

 in the overcoming of c engineering difficulties/ And he was one of 

 those who, after the opening of the line in 1830, aided in demonstra- 

 ting the superiority of the locomotive engine over the other kinds of 

 motive power then proposed. He next completed the Grand Junc- 

 tion line connecting the Liverpool and Manchester Railway with 

 Birmingham, which had been begun by George Stephenson, and 

 established a reputation for economy which he always afterwards 

 retained, by keeping the cost within the estimate. To this proof 

 that a railway could be made for less than 3615,000 a mile, and to 

 his habitually cautious methods, he owed most of his success. His 

 other principal works are the London and Southampton Railway ; the 

 Havre and Paris Railway, via Rouen ; the line from Barcelona to 

 Mattaro, and the Dutch-Rhenish line. Moreover, the Lancaster and 

 Carlisle, the East Lancashire, the Caledonian, the Scottish Central 

 and Midland, the Aberdeen lines and Greenock Railway and Docks, 

 the Paris and Cherbourg line, were all constructed under his super- 

 intendence, jointly with his partner, Mr. Errington. He planned 

 lines also which were constructed by other engineers. 



Few men have excelled Joseph Locke in resolute adaptation of 

 means to ends ; even his greatest works display no signs of extrava- 

 gance, and yet are efficient, and appropriate to their situation. He 

 had no unimportant share in the improvement of the locomotive, and 

 showed the practicability of making it travel over unusually steep 

 gradients. 



Mr. Locke succeeded Robert Stephenson as President of the Insti- 

 tution of Civil Engineers; he was elected a Fellow of the Royal 

 Society in 1838, and from the year 1847, to the time of his decease, 



