HALIFAX WATER WORKS. JOHNSTON. 81 



higher source or by pumping to a reservoir. He also recom- 

 mended extensive changes in the distribution system. 



In 1863 the original 12-inch main was taken up and a 24- 

 inch main laid in its stead. Long Lake dam was not raised 

 until some years later, but the distribution system was 

 remodelled and enlarged on the lines of the report. The com- 

 missioners in their annual report for this year discussed the 

 necessity for a high service supply and warmly advocated some- 

 thing being done, as without artificial means being employed 

 sufficient head could 'not be obtained from Long Lake to supply 

 the higher levels of the city with water by gravity. In review- 

 ing Laurie's report they mentioned a high hill near the foot of 

 Chain Lakes suitable for a reservoir site, which would do away 

 with the necessity of a stand pipe and reservoir on Shanroth's 

 Hill in case it was decided to adopt the method of pumping 

 from the Chain Lakes. William Gossip, Jr., C. E., was en- 

 gaged to report o'n the question of obtaining a high level sup- 

 ply from this source. On the 29th of June of this same year 

 he submitted a lengthy report dealing with this matter and 

 also with the general state of the works, in substance as fol- 

 lows : That to pump by water-power from tne Chain Lakes to 

 a reservoir on the adjacent hill would require the following 

 quantities of water: To work the w T ater-wheel and keep the 

 reservoir full (supposing 600,000 gallo'ns per day to suffice for 

 the high service for some years to corne) 5,000,000 gallons per 

 day, to which must 'be added 2,000,000 gallons for the low 

 service, 600,000 for the high and 100,000 for leakage and 

 waste, or a total amount of 8,600,000 gallons per day from the 

 Long and Chain Lakes reservoirs. The lakes in their then state 

 were estimated to be capable of sustaining a daily draught of 

 5,000,000 gallons without reducing the level of Long Lake to 

 more than two feet below the waste weir in the driest part of 

 the year, leaving a deficiency of 400,000,000 gallons. By 

 raising Long Lake dam three feet (at a cost of $1,450) 260,- 

 000,000 gallons additional storage could be had, leaving 140,- 



PROC. & TRANS. N. S. INST. Sci., VOL. XII. TRANS. 6. 



