XXXV111 



1815, and obtained the Copley Medal in 1840. He died at Paris, 

 Februarys, 1862. 



The other dates, &c. of his life will be found, given by M. Lefort 

 (the son of his daughter's daughter), in the ' Nouvelles Annales de 

 Mathematiques,' 2nd series, vol. i. The list of his writings, asso- 

 ciated and separate, is under 477 heads ; and this list, says the 

 collector, is certainly incomplete. Of his separate works should be 

 especially mentioned the 'Astronomic Physique,' 1st ed., 1805; 

 2nd, in 3 vols., 1810-11 ; 3rd, in 5 vols., 1841-57; the 'Traite de 

 Physique Expe'rimentale,' 4 vols., 1816; the 'Precis' of the same, 

 .1st ed., 1817 ; 3rd, in 2 vols., 1824 ; 'Recueil d' Observations Geo- 

 desiques' (vol. iv. of the 'Base du Systeme Metrique'), 4to, 1821 ; 

 the edition (in conjunction with M. Lefort) of the ' Commercium 

 Epistolicum,' &c., with additions, 4to, 1856. The works on Indian 

 and Chinese astronomy can hardly be given apart, without the 

 writings on the same subject in the journals. 



How completely Biot was devoted to his occupations sufficiently 

 appears. The indomitable energy of his character was associated 

 with a strong feeling of personal independence. With the pride of 

 a republican he refused, before his election to the Academy of Sci- 

 ences, to pay the usual visits of ceremony to his future colleagues. 

 This he afterwards regretted ; and, as a kind of expiation, he made 

 it a rule, until at last his friends insisted that he should spare his 

 extreme old age the fatigue, to pay a visit to every new member of 

 the Academy, so soon as his election was made certain. 



In 1803, his son Edward was born. This son, after a respectable 

 career in science and engineering, took a dislike to such pursuits, 

 and applied himself to literature, and especially to the study of 

 Chinese. He died in 1850, a member of the Academy of Inscrip- 

 tions, in which he found himself the colleague of his father ; for it 

 should be noted, as a thing which is, we believe, unique, that Biot 

 died a member of three of the four academies, being also elected to 

 the Academic Fran9aise in 1856. The mother survived her son 

 two years ; arid these losses were the great misfortunes of the father's 

 life. 



The name of Arago will always be associated with that of Biot. 

 Arago in his early youth (he was but twenty-four years old when 

 he gained his place at the Institute, after his return from captivity 



