AXD THEIR REMAINS. PIERS. 11 J 



are frequently found and form a fair proportion of tlie imple- 

 ments met with in collections. In this province, on the 

 contrary, stone grooved-axes are rare; and in their places we 

 find an unusual number of adze-shaped implements, intended 

 to be hafted as adzes. Now, this latter method of hafting is 

 very prevalent among the Eskimo, so much so that they have 

 taken a modern steel hatchet, drawn the handle, and with much 

 pains hafted it as an adze. I believe,, as pointed out in a paper 

 printed in volume ix of the Transactions of the N. S. Institute 

 of Science, that we have in this province, as indicated above, 

 remains of a previous settlement by the Eskimo, and we must 

 with great caution speak of the stone implements of Nova Scotia 

 as Miemac.* In subsequent remarks, I will speak generally 

 of these implements, without attempting to distinguish between 

 those that may be truly Micmac in origin and those that may 

 be Eskimo. When I use the expression "common" in regard 

 to a certain form of implement, the expression is, a relative 

 one in comparison with other aboriginal relics in this province, 

 and does not compare with the abundance of an implement 

 that might be termed common in :i region where such relics are 

 far more numerous than here. It may be mentioned that so 

 far no implements that can be fairly called palaeolithic have been 

 found in Nova Scotia, nor under circumstances that would 

 lead to their being so considered, and we must regard all 

 remains here as belonging to the neolithic age. 



Arrow-heads are common and are nearlj always of some 

 siliceous stone mostly jaspideous, such as are found in situ in 

 the western parts of the province. They are of various sizes, 

 from less than an inch to the larger size which grades into the 

 so-called spear-head. They are of various forms: leaf-shaped, 

 notched, and stemmed. Some of these were no doubt actually 

 hafted and used as knives, particularly the larger leaf-shaped 

 ones. The site of an arrow-maker's workplace was discovered 



*See also Patterson, Trans. lust. Nat. Sc.. vii, pp. 236-237. 



