170 Mr. Schorlemmer on the Hydrocarbons [April 6, 



the hydrocarbon has been acted upon. The product is then subjected to 

 fractional distillation, in order to isolate the pure chloride C 7 H 15 Cl. 



The chloride of heptyl derived from ethyl-amyl boils at 146-148, and 

 has the specific gravity 0' 88 14 at 16-5. The chloride from the hydride has 

 the boiling-point 148-150, and the specific gravity 0'9030 at 15; the 

 chloride from another preparation boiled at 147-149, and its specific 

 gravity was found to be 0-8965 at 19. 



By heating these chlorides in sealed glass tubes with acetate of potas- 

 sium and glacial acetic acid to 160-180, chloride of potassium separates 

 out, and heptylene and acetate of heptyl are formed. The point at which 

 all the chloride has been decomposed can easily be recognized as follows : 

 Two layers of liquid are observed in the heated tube, the lower one con- 

 sisting of a concentrated solution of acetate of potassium in acetic acid, and 

 the upper one of chloride of heptyl with some acetic acid. Where these 

 two layers meet, a separation of chloride of potassium takes place, and the 

 crystals thus formed fall gradually through the lower part of the tube. 

 As soon as this separation of the salt at the junction of the two layers 

 ceases, the operation is finished. The contents of the tube are now diluted 

 with water, the light liquid which separates is well washed, dried over 

 chloride of calcium, and from this liquid heptylene and acetate of heptyl 

 are separated by fractional distillation. 



The heptylene derived from ethyl-amyl, after repeated rectifications over 

 sodium, was obtained as a colourless mobile liquid of a faint garlic-like 

 odour, boiling at 93-95, and having the specific gravity 0'7060 at 12*5. 

 The analysis gave the following numbers : 



0-1799 substance gave 0*5640 carbonic acid and 0-2380 water. 

 , Calculated. Found. 



C T 84 85-7 85-50 



H u JJ 14-3 14-64 



98 100-0 100-14 



The heptylene from hydride of heptyl, which I have previously de- 

 scribed, boils at 95-97; but even after repeated distillations the boiling- 

 point always rises to about 100 towards the end of the operation. Its 

 specific gravity was found to be 0*7383 at 17'5. I may here remark that 

 all the compounds derived from the hydride which are mentioned in this 

 paper are those formerly described (Journ. Chem. Soc. vol. i. new series, 

 p. 216), being prepared from the hydrocarbon boiling at 98. 



The boiling-point of the liquid from which the heptylene has been sepa- 

 rated rises quickly above 170, and at 180 it becomes constant, when 

 pure acetate of heptyl distils over, giving on analysis the following results : 



0'2015 substance gave 0-5055 carbonic acid and 0-2090 water. 

 Calculated. Found. 



Q, 108 68-35 68-42 



H 18 18 11-39 11-52 



2 32 20-26 



158 100-00 



