1865.] restoring the Life of Warm-blooded Animals ,fyc. 369 



difficulties in this experiment were connected with the rapid coagulation 

 of blood ; but here, as in a previous experiment, sufficient was indicated 

 to prove that reanimation is a possible fact. In one case the syringe was 

 filled with blood, brought over the lungs and oxidized ; and when this blood 

 was driven again over the arterial circuit into the muscles, it reestablished, 

 wherever it found its way, muscular action, and, for a brief period, all the 

 external phenomena of life. 



Transference of motion from living to dead hearts. Equally interesting 

 with the results just named were those in which it was attempted to stimu- 

 late to contraction the dead heart of one animal with the force derived 

 from the blood issuing from the heart of a living animal. In the experi- 

 ment related as bearing on this point, although the force could not be 

 readily conveyed by the pulsating stroke of the living heart, it was shown 

 that twenty-eight minutes after the dead heart had ceased to pulsate, its 

 contractions were revived by the transference of the blood derived from the 

 heart of the animal that lived. 



Artificial blood for injection. It remains to be seen whether a fluid 

 resembling arterial blood, and capable either of being readily compounded 

 when required, or of being kept ready for use, and capable also, when 

 heated to 98, of restoring the muscular power of the heart, may not be 

 invented. If it can, then the operation of injecting the heart by a carotid 

 or brachial artery will be the most important practical step yet made 

 towards the process of resuscitation when the motion of the heart has 

 been arrested. 



Value of the heart-stroke. Granting, however, that such a fluid could 

 be discovered, it would be necessary, in using it, to feed the heart, not in 

 one continuous stream, but stroke by stroke, as in life ; for it seems to me 

 that the stroke supplements or, more correctly speaking, represents a cer- 

 tain measure and regulation of the force derived from the combustion of 

 the blood. After many failures, I believe I have at last contrived an in- 

 jecting-apparatus which will supply the stroke at any tension and at any 

 speed that may be required ; but the instrument is not yet out of the 

 maker's hands. 



Bearing on this subject, it is certain that blood at 98 in the living heart 

 will excite spontaneous action of involuntary muscle ; that blood which has 

 been drawn, oxidized, and heated even to 115 will not excite sponta- 

 neous muscular action when injected in a continuous stream, but that 

 water or blood at 1 25 injected with a continuous stroke will excite. It is 

 essential, therefore, to determine whether the addition of mechanical force 

 by stroke will supplement the necessity of a higher temperature*. 



* Since this paper was laid before the Society, I have determined by a direct experi- 

 ment that rhythmic stroke is of the first importance in restoring muscular contraction. By 

 means of a machine which can either be worked by the hand or by electro-magnetism, 

 I was enabled, assisted by my friends Drs. Wood and Sedgewick, to introduce blood 

 heated to 90 Fahr. into the coronary arteries of a dog by rhythmic stroke, and at the 



