1865.] into and out of the Vascular and Non-vascular Textures. 415 



require between five and ten minutes to pass from the stomach to the urine, 

 and this quantity of carbonate or chloride of lithium will continue to produce 

 traces of lithium in the urine from six to seven, or even eight days. 



Five grains of chloride or carbonate of lithia, taken shortly after food by 

 a boy, gives no appearance in the urine until from ten to twenty minutes, 

 and this quantity continues to pass out for five, seven, or eight days. 



Experiments made by the ordinary mode of analysis showed that 



Four grains of sulphate of the protoxide of iron, taken almost fasting by 

 a man, gave a trace in the urine in seven minutes. 



Seven grains gave distinct appearance in ten minutes and ten minutes 

 and a half. 



One grain of iodide of potassium, taken by the same man fasting, appeared 

 in the urine in twelve minutes. 



Experiments on the Kate of Passage of Lithium into and out of the 

 Crystalline Lens. 



Through the kindness of Mr. Bowman and Mr. Critchett at the Moor- 

 fields Ophthalmic Hospital, lithia water, containing variable quantities of 

 lithia, was given to different patients about to be operated on for cataract. 



Experiment 1 . The hard cataracts from two patients who had taken no 

 lithia water were examined ; no trace of lithium could be found in either 

 lens. 



Experiment 2. The hard cataracts from two other patients who had no 

 lithia water were examined ; an aqueous extract of each lens was made ; 

 one showed the most excessively feeble lithium line ; the other lens did 

 not give the slightest indication. 



Experiment 3. The hard cataracts of two other patients who had taken 

 no lithia water were examined ; the alcoholic extract of the ash, after treat- 

 ment with sulphuric acid, showed no lithium in either lens. 



The lens of a third patient was examined when no lithia water had been 

 taken, and the alcoholic extract showed no lithium. 



Experiment 4. The lens of a man aged seventy was extracted twenty- 

 five minutes after he had taken twenty grains of carbonate of lithia in 

 water on an empty stomach ; no lithium could be detected in the lens. 



Experiment 5. A woman, set. sixty-four, at 9 A.M. took twenty grains of 

 carbonate of lithia in water; both lenses were extracted at 11| A.M. the 

 same day. Neither of the lenses showed any lithium when touched with 

 a red-hot wire, but the aqueous extract of one lens showed lithium faintly, 

 and the aqueous extract of the other lens showed lithium distinctly. 



Experiment 6. An eye was removed three hours after twenty grains of 

 carbonate of lithia had been taken ; the lens was removed half an hour 

 afterwards, and on examination every portion of the lens contained lithium. 

 The circulation through the eye had been healthy, and the lens itself was 

 clear. 



Experiment 7. The soft lens of a girl aged fourteen was examined after 



