76 THE FERTILISATION OF FLOWERS. [PART III. 
same time, and therefore must dust the stigmas with pollen from 
other flowers ; hence the cross-fertilisations are still more numerous 
than the self-fertilisations. In default of insect-visits, the power 
of self-fertilisation is retained, some of the outermost stigmas being 
often touched by pollen from the innermost anthers. 
Although the arrangement of the flower is quite like that of 
the following species of Ranunculus, #. Flammula is very sparingly 
visited by isects, one reason at least being that its flowers are 
much smaller and less conspicuous. 
Visitors: A. Diptera—(a) Syrphide: (1) Syritta pipiens, L., ¢.p. and s. 
(2) Cheilosia, sp. fp.; (8) Melithreptus teniatus, Mgn., fp. and s.; (bd) 
inti ies le at ees, 
ae se a 
Muscide : (4) Scatophaga merdaria, F., f.p.; (5) Anthomyia sp. B.Hymen- 
optera—Apide : (6) Halictus cylindricus, F. 2, cp. ; (7) H. flavipes F. 9, 
cp. C. Lepidoptera—(8) Satyrus pamphilus, L., s. 
Ranunculus montanus, L., is proterogynous with persistent 
stigmas. (609). 
7. RANUNCULUS ACRIS, L., R. REPENS, L., R. BULBOsUS, L.— 
These species agree with Rk. Hlammula in the structure of their 
flowers, and with each other in their habitat, in the conspicuousness 
of their flowers, and therefore also in the insects which visit them. 
Mr. "Thomas Whitelegge (No. 774) states that they are all some- 
times gynodicecious. I have observed very many of the following 
visitants in equal abundance and similarly engaged on all these ~ 
species; and I have even noticed the hive-bee, which in general 
keeps strictly to one species of flower, pass from Ranunculus acris 
to R. repens and R. bulbosus, or vice versd, without any distinction. 
I accordingly catalogue the visitors of these three species together. 
A. Diptera—(a) Empide: (1) Empis. tesselata, F., s.; (b) Asilide;: (2) 
Dioctria atricapilla, Mgn. (Tekl. B.); (c) Syrphide : (3) Chrysotoxum arcu- 
atum, L. (Sld.), s. and f.p. ; (4) Chr. festivum, L., s.; (5) Pipiza funebris, 
Mgn.,s. ; (6) P. chalybeata, Mgn., f.p.; (7) Chrysogaster Macquarti, Loew. ; 
(8) Ch. viduata, L., very ab., both s, and f.p.; (9) Cheilosia pubera, Zett., 
f.p., ab. ; (10) Ch. albitarsis, Mgn., ab.,s. and f.p.; (11) Melanostoma mellina, 
L., s.; (12) Platycheirus albimanus, F. (Tekl. B), fp. ; (13) Syrphus ribesii, 
L.; (14) Eristalis tenax, L.; (15) E. arbustorum, L.; (16) E. nemorum, 
L. ; (17) E. sepulcralis, L.; (18) Melithreptus scriptus, L. ; (19) M. pictus, 
Mgn.; (20) M. teeniatus, Mgn. ; (21) Syritta pipiens, L.,—the last nine ab., 
both s. and t.p.; (d) Muscidw: (22) Cyrtoneura ccerulescens, Meq., s. ; 
(23) Anthomyia, sp. B. Coleoptera—(a) Nitidulide; (24) Meligethes, very 
ab. s. and f.p.; (b) Dermestide: (25) Byturus fumatus, F., fip., ab. ; (©) 
Buprestide : (26) Anthaxia nitidula, L. in copula on flowers of FR. repens; 
(d) Mordellide ; (27) Mordella aculeata, L, ; (28) M. pusilla, Dej. ; (29) M. 
. 
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