134 THE FERTILISATION OF FLOWERS. [PART III. 
wither and shrivel up, the styles rise up, and spread outwards 
turning their papillar surfaces upwards, and curving their ends, 
also papillar, outwards and downwards (third stage). Every insect 
which is not too small, whether it alights in the middle of the — 
flower or on one of the petals, must, to reach the nectaries, 
come in contact with pollen in younger flowers or with the — 
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Fic. 42.—Stellaria graminea, L. 
1.—Flower in first stage. The five outer anthers are covered with pollen, and are bent inwards, 
2.—Flower in last stage. All the anthers are empty and shrivelled. The styles are spread out 
above the stamens, and are recurved, turning their papillar surface upwards. 
a’, outer whorl of anthers ; a?, inner whorl; », nectary, 
stigmatic papille in older ones. In default of insect-visits, the 
stigmas as they continue to curve outwards come in contact with 
the pollen-covered anthers. Insect-visits are scarce, as the incon- 
spicuousness of the flowers would lead us to expect. I have only 
once found Volucella bombylans, L. (Syrphide), sucking honey on 
the flowers. 
vi onal - Vs 7 ’ 
es 7 ’ 
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