PART III. | THE MECHANISMS OF FLOWERS. 163 
Bibio hortulanus, L., all sucking ; (12) numerous small midges, B. Hymen- 
optera—Formicide ; (13) Formica sp. Spiders weave their webs about these 
_ flowers to catch the numerous flies. I saw a species of Vespa alight and 
_ capture a Sarcophaga carnaria. 
Orv. RHAMNEZ, 
Paliurus aculeatus, Lam., is distinctly proterandrous, according 
to Delpino. The stamens are at first erect or inclined slightly 
inwards, but bend backwards when the stigmas develop. The 
fertilisers are probably flies of moderate or large size (177). 
Fic. 50.—Rhamnus Frangula, L. 
1.—Young flower, from above. 
; —Ditto, after removal of the anterior half of the calyx 
3.—Older flower, from above. 
8, sepal; p, petal ; a, anther; st, stigma; ov, ovary ; n, nectary. 
_ 86. Ruamnus FrAnGcuLA, L.—The receptacle forms a hemi- 
spherical, fleshy disc, which secretes and contains the honey. 
_ It is produced at its margin into five triangular white calycine 
| lobes, which are directed obliquely outwards in the flowering 
_ period. Between these sepaline lobes, there occur on the margin 
of the receptacle five small white bi-lobed petals; close below 
them, and half surrounded by them are five stamens, which are 
3 inclined inwards, and dehisce introrsely. 
M 2 
