198 THE FERTILISATION OF FLOWERS. [PART III. 
contained honey, or else they may be of use to the plant by leading 
bees which visit it for the first time to expect honey and accord- 
ingly to perform the actions necessary for exploding the flower. 
When the explosion occurs, the bee finds its hopes of honey gone, 
but its labour is repaid by such an abundant store of pollen that 
it proceeds to visit other flowers merely to collect pollen. 
Visitors: A. Hymenoptera—Apide : (1) Apis mellifica, L. $! very ab. ; 
(2) Bombus lapidarius, L. 2 ! (3) B. terrestris, L. 9 ! both ab. ; (4) B. agrorum, 
F, 9! (5) B. hortorum, L. ¢! (6) Andrena fulvicrus, K. 9; (7) Halictus 
zonulus, Sm. 9; (8) Osmia fusca, Christ. 9, all c.p. (those marked (!) forced 
the flowers open). B. Diptera—Syrphide: (9) Rhingia rostrata, L., fp., ab. 
C. Coleoptera—(a) Staphylinide : (10) Anthobium, f.p. ; (0) Nitidulide : (11) 
Meligethes, f.p. 
Ulex ewropeus, L., has eine flowers, which, according to 
Dr. Ogle’s description, agree Sa with those of Genzsta 
tinctoria (633). 
Amorpha fruticosa, L., and A. canescens, .N utt.—The carina and 
alze are abortive ; the stanions and style are exserted. The small 
flowers, devoid or a platform for insects, are arranged in a spike, on 
which bees can easily creep from flower to flower. The flowers are 
proterogynous, with persistent stigmas. They are cross-fertilised, 
according to Beal, by bees and wasps, which work upwards 
beginning at the bottom of the spike (41, 178, 590, I1.). 
_ Indigofera—According to Hildebrand’s figures and descrip- 
tion (346), the flowers are so far explosive that the carina and 
alze flap downwards, while the reproductive organs remain erect ; 
self-fertilisation takes place as the flower withers. Henslow (323) 
described the flowers of J. speciosa with reference to Hildebrand’s 
description, and maintained justly that their structure was only 
intelligible on the supposition that it led to cross-fertilisation. 
I, macrostachya, Vent., was seen by Delpino to be visited by 
Bombus Italicus (178). 
113. CorontILLA Emerus, L.—Delpino has thoroughly described 
in the case of this flower the piston-apparatus which we have 
studied in Lotus corniculatus. As visitors he observed Bombus, 
Anthophora pilipes, Eucera longicornis, and Xylocopa violacea. 
114, CORONILLA VARIA, L., resembles Lotus corniculatus in 
regard to its piston-apparatus, but the flower contains no honey; 
it is nevertheless diadelphous (178, p. 45). In Thuringia I have 
seen it visited abundantly by hive-bees. 
Mr. T. H. Farrer discovered that honey occurs on the fleshy 
OEE ts ll la ly Sag gaa 
