— ss 
228 THE FERTILISATION OF FLOWERS. [PART III. 
Visitors: A. Hymenoptera—(a) Apidew: (1) Apis mellifica, L. §, cp. and 
s., very ab.; (2) Bombus agrorum, F. 2; (3) B. terrestris, L. 2; (4) B. 
hortorum, L. $; (5) B. pratorum, L. § ¢; (6) B. Scrimshiranus, K. 9 ; (7) 
B. silvarum, L. 9, all these humble-bees sometimes suck, sometimes collect 
pollen, while the following parasitic humble-bees of course only suck ; (8) B. 
(Apathus) vestalis, Foure. 2 ; (9) B. campestris, Pz. 2 ; (10) Macropis labiata, 
Pz. $; (11) Andrena Gwynana, K. 9 ; (12) A. albicrus, K. ¢ ; (13) A. thoracica, 
K. 2; (14) Halictus zonulus, Sm. ? ; (15) H. lucidulus, Schenck, ? ; (16) H. 
villosulus, K. 9; (17) H. sexnotatus, K. 2; (18) H. cylindricus, F. 9g, — 
(10)—(18) all sucking ; (19) H. leucozonius, K. 9, c.p. ; (20) H. albipes, F. 9, 
c.p. ; (21) Celioxys umbrina, Sm. ? ¢; (22) Nomada ruficornis, L. ¢; (23) — 
N. lineola, Pz. ¢; (24) N. lateralis, Pz. 9; (25) N. Fabriciana, L. 2; (26) 
Diphysis serratule, Pz. 2 ; (27) Osmia fusca, Christ. ? ; (28) Stelis breviuscula, 
Nyl. ¢; (29) Prosopis excisa, Schenck, ¢; (30) P. variegata, F. g; (31) P. 
communis, Nyl. ¢, all sucking ; (b) Sphegide: (32) Crabro patellatus, v. d.. 4 
L. 2 ¢; (33) Oxybelus uniglumis, L. 2 ¢; (834) Ammophila sabulosa, L.? ¢; : 
(35) A. (Miscus) campestris, Jur. ¢ ; (36) Cerceris nasuta, Dlb. g, ali sucking. 
B. Diptera—(a) Stratiomyide : (37) Sargus cuprarius, L., s. ; (88) Chrysomyia 
formosa, Scop. s.; (b) Empide : (39) Empis livida, L., ab. ; (40) E. tesselata, — 
F., both sucking; (c) Syrphide: (41) Ascia podagrica, F.; (42) Syritta 
pipiens, L., ab.; (43) Eristalis tenax, L., ab.; (436) Helophilus pendulus, — 
L., ab.; (44) Chrysotoxum arcuatum, L. (Sld.) ; (45) Volucella pellucens, L. 
(Sld.) ; (46) Rhingia rostrata, L., all sometimes sucking, somtimes collecting — 
pollen ; (d) Conopide: (47) Physocephala rufipes, F., s. ; (e) Tipulide: (48) 
Tipula oleracea, L., s. C. Coleoptera—(a) Dermestide : (49) Byturus fumatus, 
L., s. and feeding on the tissues of the flower ; (b) Eluteride : (50) Diacanthus © 
eneus, L.; (51) Limonius cylindricus, Payk., both feeding on the softer © 
tissues; (c) Lamellicornia: (52) Trichius fasciatus, L., do.; (d) Malaco- 
dermata: (58) Telephorus rusticus, L., (54) Malachius bipustulatus, F., do. ; _ 
(e) Ctdemeride: (55) C&demera virescens, L., do., and licking honey; (f) 
Cerambycide : (56) Clytus arietis, L. ; (57) Leptura livida, F.; (58) Pachyta 
8-maculata, F. (Sld., ab.) ; (59) Strangalia armata, Hbst. ; (60) S. atra, F. ; 
(61) S. nigra, L. ; (62) S. melanura, L., all sometimes licking honey, sometimes 
feeding on pollen, anthers, and other parts of the flower; (g) Nitidulide : (63) 
Meligethes, ab. D. Lepidoptera—Rhopalocera: (64) Argynnis Paphia, L. ; 
(65) Pieris crategi, L.; (66) P. napi, L.; (67) Hesperia paniscus, F., all 
sucking. ‘Twenty-six additional visitors are enumerated in No, 590. I. 
eS ee 
fiubus saxatilis, L., is proterogynous, with long-lived stigmas. 
Its arrangements for cross-fertilisation resemble those of Cotoneaster. 
The fertilising agents are chiefly bees (609, fig. 85). 
Tribe Potentillee. 
Dryas octopetala, L., is androdicecious. Its hermaphrodite 
flowers are usually feebly proterogynous, after the manner of Gewm 
urbanum, Li.; but sometimes the stigmas are covered over by the 
