erin] § THE MECHANISMS OF FLOWERS. 293 
| absence of insects, self-fertilisation cannot well occur owing to 
2 relative positions of anthers and stigma. 
) “Visitor: Hymenoptera—(a) Vespide : (1) Vespa holsatica, F.; (2) V 
edia, Degeer ; (3) V. saxonica, F. ; (4) V. rufa, L. ; (5) Polistes gallica, L. 
| var. diadema ; in Thuringia these five species make nine-tenths of all the 
Store ; in Lippstadt, where wasps are much less abundant and Polistes does 
yt occur, the honey-bee preponderates ; (6) Odynerus sp., bit holes in the 
rolla and introduced its head ; (b) Apidw: (7) Apis mellifica, L. 2, ab. ; (8) 
pmbus agrorum, F. 8; (9) B. pratorum, L. §; (10) B. muscorum, F. 8, all 
e species scarce ; (11) Eucera longicornis, L. ¢; (12) Megachile centun- 
E is, K. g, alls. ; (3) Halictus sexnotatus, K. 9,s. and c.p. ; (c) Sphegide : 
}) Ammophila sabulosa, L., s. See also No. 590, 111. 
Linnea borealis, Gron.—The position of the flower shelters the 
mey from rain, and hairs on the interior of the corolla exclude 
any small insects. Five purple lines on the interior of the 
rolla and a patch of orange colour on its inferior side, near the 
se, act as honey-guides. Cross-fertilisation is favoured by the 
sition of the stigma in advance of the anthers (600, Fig. 158). 
Fic. 100.—Lonicera Caprifolium, L. 
1.—Flower, from the side. Nat. size. The figure should be horizontal. 
2.—Ditto, from the front. 
202 Lonicera Capriroiium, L.—The flowers are adapted for 
tilisation exclusively by long-tongued crepuscular and nocturnal 
pidoptera They bloom at the season when hawk-moths are 
