298 THE FERTILISATION OF FLOWERS. [PART IIT. 
contact with the stigma ; ; but in the absence of insects, self- 
fertilisation may result in many flowers by — falling upon the 
stigma. 
Visitors : A. Hymenoptera—Apide : (1) Apis mellifica, L. §, very ab., 8. ; 
(2) Bombus muscorum, F, §,s. ; (3) B. pratorum, L. §,s. B. Diptera—(a@) 
Empide : (4) Empis opaca, F., s., ab. ; (6) Syrphide: (5) Rhingia rostrata, L., 
s. and f.p. 
The chief fertilisers are humble-bees, since they never insert 
their tongues into a flower without touching stigma and anthers — 
with opposite sides of the head ; while flies and the honey-bee 
never touch the stigma at all in many flowers. 
Lonicera alpigena, L.—This ‘species is fertilised by bees and 
humble-bees, and also still more frequently by wasps. It resembles” 
Fig, 103.—Lonicera alpigena, Li. 
A pair of recently expanded flowers (x 4). The flower on the right hand has an additional stamen. 
(Bergiin, June 8, 1879.) 
other wasp-fertilised flowers (Serophularia, Symphoricarpos, Epi- 
pactis palustris) in having an expanded pouch-like honey-receptacle 
containing an unusually large supply of honey, and it is just wide 
enough to admit a wasp’s head easily. The flower is reddish-brown 
in colour, like that of Scrophularia (609). 
SI Se mae Sh Tlie 
