396 THE FERTILISATION OF FLOWERS. [PART I 
into the upper part until the way is barred immediately above th 
anthers by hairs ; the two yellow nectaries lying beside the ova 
are distant only 8 mm. from this point. 
Visitors: A. Hymenoptera—Apide: (1) Bombus hortorum, L. ? (21 
(2) B. lapidarius, L. 9 (12—14); (8) B. agrorum, F. 9 (12—15) ; all thre 
very ab. (4) B. terrestris, L. 2 (7—9), lessab. ; (5) B. vestalis, Foure. ? (12 
scarce ; (6) Anthophora pilipes, F. ? ¢ (19—21), very ab. ; (7) Osmia ruf 
L. ¢ (7—8). B. Diptera—Bombylide : (8) Bombylius major, L. (10) ; (9) I 
discolor, Mik. (11—12), very ab., the latter species (April 18, 1869) as early ¢ 
7.45 a.m. All the visitors sucking normally. C. Thysanoptera—(10) Thrip 
ab. See also No. 590, II. 
294, Vinca MAJor, L.—I have once seen Bombus agrorum, 
F. 9 (12—15 mm.), visiting this plant; it sucked numerous flowers, 
thrusting its head completely into the mouth of the tube. ? 
Tabernemontana echinata, Aubl., is barren when fertilised with 
pollen of the same flower or of other flowers on the same plant, an 
is productive only when fertilised with pollen from another plant 
(Fritz Miiller, No. 359). | 
Apocynum androsemifolium, L., is fertilised by butterflies, aul 
cements its pollen to the insect’s tongue (Ludwig, No. 432). Fi 
— Apocynum hypericifolium, Ait., has the same arrangement 
(Ludwig, No. 443). ri 
Nerium Oleander, L., and N. odorwm, Ait., are adapted for long- 
tongued Lepidoptera (443). 
In Rhynchodia (Rhynchospermum) jasminoides, according 
Hildebrand, as in Vinca, the insect’s proboscis is smeared with 
adhesive matter as it enters, and cemented to the pollen as it is 
withdrawn (No. 356, p. 509). 
Orv. ASCLEPIADEZ. 
295. ASCLEPIAS CoRNUTI, Dec. (A. syriaca, L.).—The Asclepia- 
dee rival the Orchids, if not in the variety of their forms, at least 
in their complexity and in their perfect adaptation to insect-visit- 
ors. Hildebrand has so thoroughly described the way in which A, 
Cornutt is fertilised by insects (347), that I have scarcely any- 
thing new to add to his description; yet it may be well that 
should illustrate the complex mechanism by figures, and catalogue 
the insects that effect fertilisation. | 
The two ovaries (g, 14) are surrounded by a fleshy column 
(m, 14, 2, 8, 4) and covered by a thick, fleshy disk (p, 14), and 
