416 THE FERTILISATION OF FLOWERS. [PART III. 
rarely the case. (2) The connective terminates above in a broad 
expansion, which is slightly curved outwards, but stands immediately 
above the anther since the latter is inclined towards the centre of 
the flower ; this arrangement hinders the proboscis from coming in 
contact with the anther while being inserted. The same character 
is present but much less marked in ©. silvatica. 
Self-fertilisation always occurs in absence of insects. 
The invaginated processes of the corolla which surround the 
-mouth of the tube in all species of Myosotis serve to shelter the 
honey from rain, and by their yellow colour serve as “path- 
finders”; they also cause insects to insert their tongues in the 
centre of the flower and so to come more directly in contact with 
the stigma. 
Visitors : A. Hymenoptera—Apide : (1) Apis mellifica, L. $, ab., s. ; (2) 
Andrena fasciata, Wesm. ¢, s.; (8) A. albicans, K. 9,8. B. Diptera—(a) 
Bombylide: (4) Bombylius major, L. s.; (b) Syrphide: (5) Chrysogaster 
viduata, L.,s. See also No. 590,111. 
307. MyosorTis PALUSTRIS, Rth., agrees in all points with JZ, 
intermedia, except in the length of its tube, which is 3 mm. long. 
Visitors: A. Lepidoptera—Rhopalocera: (1) Lycena icarus, Rott., s. B. 
Diptera—Empide : (2) Empis opaca, F., very ab., s. 
308. MyYosoris HISPIDA, Schlecht.—The flower is described in 
No. 590, Ill. : 
Visitors: <A. Hymenoptera—A pide: (1) Halictus zonulus, Sm. 9, s. 
(Tekl. B.). B. Diptera—Muscide: (2) Anthomyia sp., s. 
Myposotis versicolor, Lehm.—When the flower opens, the corolla 
is colourless or pale yellow, and imperfectly developed ; the anthers 
and stigma are however ripe, and the latter protrudes a little from 
the flower. If insect-visits now occur, cross-fertilisation results; 
afterwards the corolla in elongating rubs the anthers against the 
knobbed stigma and the flower is self-fertilised. 
I have observed bees and flies visiting the flower (570, vol. x.) 
Echinospermum Lappula, Lehm.—The mechanism of fertilisation 
resembles that of Myosotis silvatica, but the honey is not so acces- 
sible, as the limb of the corolla does not spread out flat, but remains 
bell-shaped. The corolla is white while in the bud, pale red while 
just emerging beyond the calyx, and afterwards bright blue, The 
flower is visited by Diptera, Apidew, and Sphegide (590, IL. ; 609). 
Omphalodes verna, Meench.—The tube is 3 mm, long, and the 
