PART IIL. | THE MECHANISMS OF FLOWERS. 447 
331. ODONTITES LUTEA, Rchb. (Rehmberg, near Miihlberg, 
Thuringia).—Honey is secreted by the smooth lower half of the 
ovary, which is hairy above; it lies in the base of the corolla- 
tube, which is 2} mm. long, and is smooth within, but provided with 
reflexed hairs at its mouth. The stamens stand apart, but from 
the small size of the flower they are all easily touched at the same 
time by an insect ; there is no provision of hairs to prevent scatter- 
ing of the pollen; the slits by which the anther-lobes dehisce are 
narrower than in Luphrasia officinalis. The style often protrudes 
from the bud (3, Fig. 153), and Hildebrand describes the flower as 
proterogynous; in other cases it is bent backwards in the bud, 
under the lower lip, and emerges together with the stamens on 
the opening of the flower. The stigma comes to maturity at the 
Fic. 153.—Odontites lutea, Rehb. 
1,—F lower, from the side (x 8}. 
2.—Ditto, from the front. 
‘ 3.—Bud, from the side. 
4.—Anther. 
same time as the anthers, and stands below and in front of them; 
it is, therefore, usually touched first by insect-visitors. In ab- 
' sence of insects, some pollen generally falls upon the stigma. I 
have only once (August 28, 1869) seen a bee, Bombus muscorwm, 
| IL. 8, sucking honey on the flower. 
Luphrasia minima, Schleich., is sparingly visited by insects, and 
in their absence it fertilises itself regularly. The flower resembles 
. in structure the small-flowered form of Z. officinalis (t.e. E. gracilis, 
} Jord.) (609). 
332. EUPHRASIA OFFICINALIS (L.), Schk.—Honey is secreted 
i. and sheltered as in Odontites serotina. The tube of the corolla is 
_ 4 to 6 mm. long, but widens considerably at the outer end ; so that 
iT 
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